A-LAW: Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) algorithm used in digitizing telephone audio signals in E-1 areas.
ACK: A DTMF "A" (acknowledge) signal from the CPE or a DTMF "D" signal followed by a DTMF 1 through 5 sent as part of the FSK signal.
ADMF: ADSI Data Message Format
Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation: See ADPCM.
ADPCM: Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation. A sophisticated compression algorithm for digitizing audio that stores the differences between successive samples rather than the absolute value of each sample. This method of digitization also reduces storage requirements from 64K bits/second to as low as 24K bits/second.
ADSI: Analog Display Services Interface. A Bellcore standard defining a protocol on the flow of information between a switch, a server, a voice mail system, a service bureau, or a similar device and a subscriber's telephone, PC, data terminal, or other communicating device with a screen. The idea of ADSI is to add words to a system that usually only uses touch tones. In a typical voice mail system, you call up and hear choices: "to listen to new messages, press 1, to hear saved messages, press 2," etc. ADSI is designed to display the choices you're hearing on a screen attached to your phone. Your response is the same: a touch tone button. ADSI's signaling is DTMF and standard Bell 202 modem signals from the service to your 202-modem equipped phone. From the phone to the service it's only touch tone. ADSI works on every phone line in the world.
AGC: Automatic Gain Control tracks the background noise energy level and automatically adapts to it, providing a very accurate distinction between voice signals and background noise at levels where they are hard to distinguish. Improved AGC provides a higher tolerance for background noise and produces clearer recordings without significantly amplofying the background noise. It also records low-level voice signals without mistaking them for noise and attenuating them. An electronic circuit used to maintain the audio signal volume at a constant level. AGC maintains nearly constant gain during voice signals, thereby avoiding distortion, and optimizes the perceptual quality of voice signals by using a new method to process silence intervals (background noise).
AMIS: Audio Messaging Interchange Specification. A series of standards aimed at addressing the problem of how voice messaging systems produced by different vendors can network or inter-network. It deals specifically with the interaction of the systems and does not affect the systems themselves. There are two specifications: 1. AMIS-digital: All the control information and the voice messages are ported between systems digitally. 2. AMIS-analog: Control information and messages are transferred in analog form. For AMIS specifications, call Hartfield Associates (Boulder, CO) at (303) 442-5395.
analog: 1. A method of telephony transmission in which the signals from the source (for example, speech in a human conversation) are converted into an electrical signal that varies continuously over a range of amplitude values analogous to the original signals. 2. Not digital signaling. 3. Used to refer to applications that use loop start signaling.
Analog Expansion Bus (AEB): Analog electrical connection (bus) between Dialogic network interface modules and analog resource modules. The AEB interfaces network boards and voice boards, which fit in the AT-expansion slot of a PC. See Also PEB, SCSA
ANI: Automatic Number Identification.
Antares: A Dialogic open platform for easily incorporating speech recognition, Text-To-Speech, fax and many other DSP technologies. Dialogic PC-based expansion board with fourTI floating point DSPs, SPOX DSP operating system, and the Antares board downloadable firmware and device driver.
API: See Application Programming Interface
Application Programming Interface: A set of standard software interrupts, calls, and data formats that application programs use to initiate contact with network services, mainframe communications programs, or other program-to-program communications.
ASCIIZ string: A null-terminated string of ASCII characters.
asynchronous function: A function that allows program execution to continue without waiting for a task to complete. To implement an asynchronous function, an application-defined event handler must be enabled to trap and process the completed event. See synchronous function.
AT: Used to describe an IBM or IBM-compatible Personal Computer (PC) containing an 80286 or higher microprocessor, a 16-bit bus architecture, and a compatible BIOS.
AT bus: The common communication channel in a PC AT. The channel uses a 16-bit data path architecture, which allows up to 16 bits of data transfer. This bus architecture includes the standard PC bus plus a set of 36 lines for additional data transmission, addressing, and interrupt request handling.
Automatic Gain Control: See AGC.
Bell 202: A 1200 bits per second (bps) FSK modem, developed by Bell Labs, used mainly for signaling between the CO and the CPE. It uses one carrier frequency and assigns a frequency for mark bits (1200 Hz) and space bits (2200 Hz) and is, by definition, phase continuous.
base memory address: A starting memory location (address) from which other addresses are referenced.
bit mask: A pattern which selects or ignores specific bits in a bit mapped control or status field.
bitmap: An entity of data (byte or word) in which individual bits contain independent control or status information.
board device: A board-level object that can be manipulated by a physical library. Board devices can be real physical devices, such as a D/4x board, or emulated devices, such as one of the D/4x boards that is emulated by a D/81A, D/12x or D/xxxSC board.
Board Locator Technology: Operates in conjunction with a rotary switch to determine and set non-conflicting slot and IRQ interrupt-level parameters, thus eliminating the need to set confusing jumpers or DIP switches.
bps: Bits Per Second
buffer: A block of memory or temporary storage device that holds data until it can be processed. It is used to compensate for the difference in the rate of the flow of information (or time occurrence of events) when transmitting data from one device to another.
bus: An electronic path which allows communication between multiple points or devices in a system.
busy device: A device that is stopped, being configured, has a multitasking or non-multitasking function, or I/O function active on it.
cadence: A rhythmic sequence or pattern. Once established, it can be classified as a single ring, a double ring, or a busy signal by comparing the periods of sound and silence to establish parameters.
cadence detection: A voice driver feature that analyzes the audio signal on the line to detect a repeating pattern of sound and silence.
Call Progress Analysis: The process used to automatically determine what happened after an outgoing call is dialed. Also referred to as call analysis or call progress
Call Status Transition Event Functions: Functions that set and monitor events on devices.
CAS: CPE Alerting Signal
CCITT: Comite Consultatif Internationale de Telegraphique et Telephonique. One of the four permanent parts of the International Telecommunications Union, a United Nations agency based in Geneva. The CCITT is divided into three sections: 1. Study Groups set up standards for telecommunications equipment, systems, networks, and services. 2. Plan Committees develop general plans for the evolution of networks and services. 3. Specialized Autonomous Groups produce handbooks, strategies, and case studies to support developing countries.
channel device: A channel-level object that can be manipulated by a physical library, such as an individual telephone line connection. A channel is also a subdevice of a board. See subdevice.
channel: 1. When used in reference to a Dialogic expansion board that is analog, an audio path, or the activity happening on that audio path (for example, when you say the channel goes off-hook). 2. When used in reference to a Dialogic expansion board that is digital, a data path, or the activity happening on that data path. 3. When used in reference to a bus, an electrical circuit carrying control information and data.
checksum: A one byte entity for error detection, which is computed by transmitter and appended to the Message, and is computed by the receiver and compared to the sent checksum for basic error detection. Only one checksum is used per SDM or MDM message.
CLASS: Custom Local Area Signaling Services; a Caller ID standard published by Bellcore.
CO: Central Office. A local phone exchange. In general, "CO" refers to the phone network exchange that provides your phone lines. The term "Central Office" is used in North America. The rest of the world calls it PTT, for Post, Telephone and Telegraph. The telephone company facility where subscriber lines are linked, through switches, to other subscriber lines (including local and long distance lines).
computer telephony: The extension of computer-based intelligence and processing over the telephone network to a telephone. Lets you interact with computer databases or applications from a telephone and also enables computer-based applications to access the telephone network. Computer telephony makes computer-based information readily available over the world-wide telephone network from your telephone. Computer telephony technology incorporated into PCs supports applications such as: automatic call processing; automatic speech recognition; text-to-speech conversion for information-on-demand; call switching and conferencing; unified messaging that lets you access or transmit voice, fax, and E-mail messages from a single point; voice mail and voice messaging; fax systems including fax broadcasting, fax mailboxes, fax-on-demand, and fax gateways; transaction processing such as Audiotex and Pay-Per-Call information systems; call centers handling a large number of agents or telephone operators for processing requests for products, services or information; etc.
configuration file: An unformatted ASCII file that stores device initialization information for an application.
Configuration Functions: Functions that alter the configuration of devices.
Convenience Functions: Functions that simplify application writing.
CP: Control Processor
CPE: Customer Premise Equipment
CPE Alerting Signal: A special machine detectable DTMF signal.
CPU: Central Processing Unit
Data Link Layer: Layer 2 in ADSI, it is responsible for the first level of framing (or de-framing) of the data to be transmitted (or received). The Data Link Layer includes the appending (or checking) of Checksum/CRC data as well as preamble sequence generation (or removal).
D/81A: 8 port DSP-based voice board that runs SpringWare firmware. Connects via PEB to a standalone telephone network interface board.
D/120: A 12-channel voice board from Dialogic that consists of a SpringBoard-based expansion device and downloaded software. On the PEB bus, the D/120 serves as a resource module to the installed network module.
D/121: A 12-channel voice-store-and-forward product from Dialogic with all the features of the D/120 plus patented call analysis algorithms for outbound applications and multifrequency (MF) tone capability.
D/12x System: A Voice System that uses D/12x boards. See Voice System.
D/121A: A 12-channel voice board from Dialogic with all the features of the D/121 plus additional RAM, increased performance and reliability, and improved downstream compatibility.
D/121B: 12 port DSP-based voice board that runs SpringWare firmware. Connects via PEB to a standalone telephone network interface board.
D/12x: Any model of the Dialogic series of 12-channel voice-store-and-forward expansion boards for the AT-bus architecture. Includes: D/120 and D/121 boards.
D/160SC-LS: 16 port DSP-based voice board that runs SpringWare firmware and has onboard analog loop start telephone interfaces and an SCbus interface.
D/21D, D/41D: 2 and 4 port DSP-based voice boards with onboard analog telephone interface; runs SpringWare downloadable firmware.
D/21E, D/41E: 2 and 4 port DSP-based voice boards with onboard analog telephone interface; runs SpringWare downloadable firmware.
D/2x: A term used to refer to any 2-channel voice-store-and-forward expansion board made by Dialogic.
D/40: A model of 4-channel voice-store-and-forward expansion board by Dialogic with an on-board processor and shared RAM. The D/40 features real-time digitization, compression and playback of audio, DTMF reception, automatic answering, DTMF or rotary pulse dialing, and direct connection to telephone lines.
D/41: A model of the four-channel voice-store-and-forward expansion boards by Dialogic that has all of the features of a D/40 plus patented call analysis algorithms for outbound applications.
D/4x: Any model of the Dialogic series of 4-channel voice-store-and-forward expansion boards for the AT-bus architecture. Includes D/4xD and D/4xE boards.
D/240SC: 24 port DSP-based voice board that runs SpringWare firmware and has an onboard SCbus interface. Connects to a standalone telephone network interface board.
D/240SC-T1: 24 port DSP-based voice board that runs SpringWare firmware and has an onboard digital T-1 telephone interface and an SCbus interface.
D/300SC-E1: 30 port DSP-based voice board that runs SpringWare firmware and has an onboard digital E-1 telephone interface and an SCbus interface.
D/320SC: 30 port DSP-based voice board that runs SpringWare firmware and has an onboard SCbus interface. Connects to a standalone telephone network interface board.
data structure: Programming term for a data element consisting of fields, where each field may have a different type definition and length. A group of data structure elements usually share a common purpose or functionality.
debouncing: Eliminating false signal detection by filtering out rapid signal changes. Any detected signal change must last for the minimum duration as specified by the debounce parameters before the signal is considered valid. Also known as deglitching.
deglitching: Eliminating false signal detection by filtering out rapid signal changes. Any signal change shorter than that specified by the deglitching parameters is ignored.
device: A computer peripheral or component controlled through a software device driver. A Dialogic vioce and/or network interface expansion board is considered a physical board containing one or more logical board devices, and each channel or time slot on the board is a device.
device channel: A Dialogic voice data path that processes one incoming or outgoing call at a time (equivalent to the terminal equipment terminating a phone line). There are 4 device channels on a D/4x, 12 on a D/12x, 16 on a D/160SC-LS, 24 on a D/240SC or D/240SC-T1, 30 on a D/300SC-E1, and 32 on a D/320SC board.
device driver: Software that acts as an interface between an application and hardware devices.
device handle: Numerical reference to a device, obtained when a device is opened using xx_open( ), where xx is the prefix defining the device to be opened. The device handle is used for all operations on that device.
Device Management Functions: Functions that open and close devices.
device name: Literal reference to a device, used to gain access to the device via an xx_open( ) function, where xx is the prefix defining the device to be opened.
DIALOG/HD Series: Dialogic High Density products, including the D/160SC-LS, D/240SC, D/240SC-T1, D/300SC-E1, and D/320SC, provide a powerful set of advanced computer telephony features that developers can use to create cost-efficient, high-density systems.
digitize: The process of converting an analog waveform into a digital data set.
download: The process where board level program instructions and routines are loaded during board initialization to a reserved section of shared RAM.
downloadable SpringWare firmware: Software features loaded to Dialogic voice hardware. Features include voice recording and playback, enhanced voice coding, tone detection, tone generation, dialing, call progress analysis, voice detection, answering machine detection, speed control, volume control, ADSI support, automatic gain control, and silence detection.
driver: A software module which provides a defined interface between an application program and the firmware interface.
DSP: 1. Digital signal processor. A specialized microprocessor designed to perform speedy and complex operations with digital signals. 2. Digital signal processing.
DTI/: (Digital Telephony Interface) The naming convention used with Dialogic boards such as the DTI/211. This interface is designed to work with the T-1 telephony standard used in North American and Japanese markets. A general term used to refer to any Dialogic digital telephony interface device.
DTI/124: A model of Dialogic's digital telephony interface device designed for use with the T-1 telephony standard used in North American and Japanese markets. This model connects to D/4x devices.
DTI/211: 24 port standalone telephone network interface for use with voice-only boards; digital T-1 interface.
DTI/212: 24 port standalone telephone network interface for use with voice-only boards; digital E-1 interface.
DTI/2xx: Refer's to Dialogic's DTI/211 or DTI/212 digital telephony interface boards.
DTI/xxx: Refers to any of Dialogic's second-generation digital telephony interface boards.
DTMF: Dual Tone Multi Frequency. Push button or touch tone dialing based on transmitting a high and a low frequency tone identify each digit on a telephone keypad. The tones are (Hz):
1: 697,1209 2: 697,1336 3:697,1477
4: 770,1209 5: 770,1336 6: 770,1477
7: 852,1209 8: 852,1336 9: 852,1477
0: 941,1336 *: 941,1209 #: 941,1477
E-1: A CEPT digital telephony format devised by the CCITT. A digital transmission channel that carries data at the rate of 2.048 Mbps (DS-1 level).
EIA: Electronic Industry Association
emulated device: A virtual device whose software interface mimics the interface of a particular physical device, such as a D/4x boards that is emulated by a D/12x or a D/xxxSC board. On a functional level, a D/12x board is perceived by an application as three D/4x boards. See physical device.
event: An unsolicited or asynchronous message from a hardware device to an operating system, application, or driver. Events are generally attention-getting messages, allowing a process to know when a task is complete or when an external event occurs.
event handler: A portion of a Dialogic application program designed to trap and control processing of device-specific events. The rules for creating a DTI/1xx event handler are the same as those for creating a Windows signal handler.
Event Management functions: Class of device-independent functions (contained in the Standard Run-time Library) that connect events to application-specified event handlers, allowing users to retrieve and handle events that occur on the device. See Standard Run-time Library.
Extended Attribute functions: Class of functions that take one input parameter (a valid Dialogic device handle) and return device-specific information. For instance, a Voice device's Extended Attribute function returns information specific to the Voice devices. Extended Attribute function names are case-sensitive and must be in capital letters. See Standard Run-time Library.
firmware: A set of program instructions that reside on an expansion board.
flash: A signal which consists of a momentary on-hook condition used by the Voice hardware to alert a telephone switch. This signal usually initiates a call transfer.
frequency detection: A voice driver feature that detects the tri-tone Special Information Tone (SIT) sequences and other single-frequency tones for call progress analysis.
Frequency Shift Keying: A frequency modulation technique used to send digital data over voice band telephone lines.
FSK: Frequency Shift Keying
Global Tone Detection: A feature that allows the creation and detection of user-defined tone descriptions on a channel by channel basis.
hook state: A general term for the current line status of the channel: either on-hook or off-hook. A telephone station is said to be on-hook when the conductor loop between the station and the switch is open and no current is flowing. When the loop is closed and current is flowing the station is off-hook. These terms are derived from the position of the old fashioned telephone set receiver in relation to the mounting hook provided for it.
hook switch: The name given to the circuitry which controls on-hook and off-hook state of the Voice device telephone interface.
I/O Functions: Functions that transfer data to and from devices.
I/O: Input-Output
idle device: A device that has no functions active on it.
in-band: Refers to the use of robbed-bit signaling (T-1 systems only) on the network or PEB. "In-band" refers to the fact that the signaling for a particular channel or time slot is carried within the voice samples for that time slot, thus within the 64 kbps (kilobits per second) voice bandwidth.
in-band signaling: (1) In an analog telephony circuit, in-band refers to signaling that occupies the same transmission path and frequency band used to transmit voice tones. (2) In digital telephony, "in-band" means signaling transmitted within an 8-bit voice sample or time slot, as in T-1 "robbed-bit" signaling. (3) On the Dialogic PCM Expansion Bus (PEB), signaling is considered "in-band" only if it occupies the same transmission path and frequency band used to transmit voice data.
interrupt request level: A signal sent to the central processing unit (CPU) to temporarily suspend normal processing and transfer control to an interrupt handling routine. Interrupts may be generated by conditions such as completion of an I/O process, detection of hardware failure, power failures, etc.
IRQ: Interrupt ReQuest. A signal sent to the CPU to temporarily suspend normal processing and transfer control to an interrupt handling routine. A means of toggling between applications so that your system does not crash.
kernel: A set of programs in an operating system that implement the system's functions.
KTS: Key Telephone System
loop: The physical circuit between the telephone switch and the D/xxx board.
loop current: The current that flows through the circuit from the telephone switch when the Voice device is off-hook.
loop current detection: A voice driver feature that returns a connect after detecting a loop current drop.
loop start: In an analog environment, an electrical circuit consisting of two wires (or leads) called tip and ring, which are the two conductors of a telephone cable pair. The CO provides voltage (called "talk battery" or just "battery") to power the line. When the circuit is complete, this voltage produces a current called loop current. The circuit provides a method of starting (seizing) a telephone line or trunk by sending a supervisory signal (going off-hook) to the CO.
LSI/120: A Dialogic 12-line loop start interface expansion board.
Mu-law: (1) A pulse-code modulation (PCM) algorithm used in digitizing telephone audio signals in T-1 areas. (2) The PCM coding and compounding standard used in Japan and North America.
Mbps: Million or Mega bits per second
Message Body: The portion of the SDM or MDM that does not include the Message Type byte nor the Checksum byte.
Message Assembly Layer: Layer 3 in ADSI, it is used to construct SDM, MDM, ADMF, or other valid messages, and transport them via the Data Link and Physical Layers to and from the CPE device.
MSI/SC: :Modular Station Interface. An SCbus-based Dialogic expansion board that interfaces SCbus time slots to analog station devices.
off-hook: The state of a telephone station when the conductor loop between the station and the switch is closed and current is flowing. When a telephone handset is lifted from its cradle (or equivalent condition), the telephone line state is said to be off-hook.
on-hook: When a telephone handset is returned to its cradle (or equivalent condition), the telephone line state is said to be on-hook.
NAK: Negative Acknowledgment. NAK is a control character in ASCII that means a packet arrived with the check digits in error. It is sent from the computer receiving the packets to the sender, implying that the packet should be retransmitted so that all bits will arrive intact next time.
PBX: A local premises or campus switch.
PC: Personal Computer. In this manual, the term refers to an IBM Personal Computer or compatible machine.
PCM Expansion Bus: See PEB.
PEB: PCM Expansion Bus. A Dialogic open platform, digital voice bus for electrically and digitally connecting different voice processing components. Information on the PEB is encoded using the Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) method. Non-Dialogic products using PCM encoding may interface with Dialogic products by using this bus.
PerfectDigit: Dialogic SpringWare DTMF or MF signaling.
PerfectLevel: Dialogic SpringWare Volume control
PerfectPitch: Dialogic SpringWare Speed control
PerfectVoice: Dialogic SpringWare Enhanced voice coding
physical device: A device that is an actual piece of hardware, such as a D/4x board; not an emulated device. See emulated device.
physical layer: Layer 1 of ADSI, it describes the electrical specifications of the interface, including FSK modem-based data transmission (reception) and in-band signaling.
polling: The process of repeatedly checking the status of a resource to determine when state changes occur.
polling functions: Voice library functions check the current status of a voice device. Polling functions are also used to examine the number and configuration of devices in the system and to detect when events occur on a device.
PSTN/STN: Public or Private Switched Telephony Network
Pulse Code Modulation: PCM. A sophisticated technique for reducing voice data storage requirements that is used by Dialogic in the DSP voice boards. Dialogic supports either m-law Pulse Code Modulation, which is used in North America and Japan, or A-law Pulse Code Modulation, which is used in the rest of the world.
resource: Functionality (e.g. voice-store-and-forward) that can be assigned to call. Resources are shared when functionality is selectively assigned to a call (usually via a PEB time slot) and may be shared among multiple calls. Resources are dedicated when functionality is fixed to the one call.
RFU: Reserved for future use.
ring detect: The act of sensing that an incoming call is present by determining that the telephone switch is providing a ringing signal to the Voice board.
route: Assign a resource to a time slot.
robbed-bit signaling: The type of signaling protocol implemented in areas using the T-1 telephony standard. In robbed-bit signaling, signaling information is carried in-band, within the 8-bit voice samples. These bits are later stripped away, or "robbed," to produce the signaling information for each of the 24 time slots.
routing functions: For SCbus, functions that assign analog and digital channels to specific SCbus time slots; these SCbus time slots can then be connected to transmit or listen to other SCbus time slots. For PEB, functions that change the routing of channels to the time slots on the PCM Expansion Bus (PEB).
sampling rate: Frequency with which a digitizer takes measurements of the analog voice signal.
SCbus: Signal Computing Bus. Third generation TDM (Time Division Multiplexed) resource sharing bus that allows information to be transmitted and received among resources over multiple data lines.
SCSA: See Signal Computing System Architecture.
Signal Computer System Architecture: SCSA. A Dialogic standard open development platform. An open hardware and software standard that incorporates virtually every other standard in PC-based switching. All signaling is out of band. In addition, SCSA offers time slot bundling and allows for scalability.
signaling insertion: The signaling information (on hook/off hook) associated with each channel is digitized, inserted into the bit stream of each time slot by the device driver, and transmitted across the bus to another resource device. In signaling insertion, the network interface device generates the outgoing signaling information.
silence threshold: The level that sets whether incoming data to the Voice board is recognized as silence or non-silence.
solicited event: An expected event. It is specified using one of the device library's asynchronous functions. For example, for dx_play( ), the solicited event is "play complete."
Special Information Tones: SIT. (1) Standard Information Tones. Tones sent out by a central office to indicate that the dialed call has been answered by the distant phone. (2) Special Information Tone. Detection of a SIT sequence indicates an operator intercept or other problem in completing the call.
speed and volume control: Voice software that contains functions and data structures to control the speed and volume of play on a channel. The end user controls the speed or volume of a message by entering a DTMF tone.
speed and volume modification table: Each channel on a voice board has a table with twenty entries that allow for a maximum of ten increases and decreases in speed or volume, and one "origin" entry that represents regular speed or volume.
SpringBoard: A Dialogic expansion board using digital signal processing to emulate the functions of other products. SpringBoard is a development platform for Dialogic products such as the D/120 and D/121. The SpringBoard-MC is a development platform for Dialogic Micro Channel products such as the D/81-MC.
SpringBoard functions: Functions used on SpringBoard devices only.
SpringWare: Software algorithms build into the downloadable firmware that provides the voice processing features available on all Dialogic voice boards.
SRL: See Standard Run-time Library.
Standard Attribute functions: Class of functions that take one input parameter (a valid Dialogic device handle) and return generic information about the device. For instance, Standard Attribute functions return IRQ and error information for all device types. Standard Attribute function names are case-sensitive and must be in capital letters. Standard Attribute functions for all Dialogic devices are contained in the Dialogic SRL. See Standard Run-time Library.
Standard Run-time Library: A Dialogic software resource containing Event-Management and Standard Attribute functions and data structures used by all Dialogic devices, but which return data unique to the device. See the Standard Run-time Library Programmer's Guide.
string: An array of ASCII characters.
subdevice: Any device that is a direct child of another device. Since "subdevice" describes a relationship between devices, a subdevice can be a device that is a direct child of another subdevice, as a channel is a child of a board.
synchronous function: Blocks program execution until a value is returned by the device. Also called a blocking function. See asynchronous function.
System Release Development Package: The software and user documentation provided by Dialogic that is required to develop applications.
T-1: The digital telephony format used in North America. In T-1, 24 voice conversations are time-division multiplexed into a single digital data stream containing 24 time slots, and signaling data are carried "in-band." Since all available time slots are used for conversations, signaling bits are substituted for voice bits in certain frames. Hardware at the receiving end must use the robbed-bit" technique for extracting signaling information. T-1 carries data at the rate of 1.544 Mbps (DS-1 level).
termination condition: An event or condition which, when present, causes a process to stop.
termination event: An event that is generated when an asynchronous function terminates. See asynchronous function.
TIA: Telecommunications Industry Association
time slot: In a digital telephony environment, a normally continuous and individual communication (for example, someone speaking on a telephone) is (1) digitized, (2) broken up into pieces consisting of a fixed number of bits, (3) combined with pieces of other individual communications in a regularly repeating, timed sequence (multiplexed), and (4) transmitted serially over a single telephone line. The process happens at such a fast rate that, once the pieces are sorted out and put back together again at the receiving end, the speech is normal and continuous. Each individual pieced-together communication is called a time slot.
time slot assignment: The ability to route the digital information contained in a time slot to a specific analog or digital channel on an expansion board. See device channel.
transparent signaling: The mode in which a network interface device accepts signaling data from a resource device transparently, or without modification. In transparent signaling, outgoing T-1 signaling bits are generated by a PEB or SCbus resource device. In effect the resource device performs signaling to the network.
Universal Dialogic Diagnostic program: Software diagnostic routines for testing board-level functions of Dialogic hardware.
voice processing: Science of converting human voice into data that can be reconstructed and played back at a later time. Dialogic equipment can place 2-30 ports in one PC slot. They also use common API's for scalability and the SCbus to connect to a broad range of technologies.
Voice System: A combination of expansion boards and software that let you develop and run high-density voice processing applications.
wink: In T-1 or E-1 systems, a signaling bit transition from on to off, or off to on, and back again to the original state. In T-1 systems, the wink signal can be transmitted on either the A or B signaling bit. In E-1 systems, the wink signal can be transmitted on either the A, B, C, or D signaling bit. Using either system, the choice of signaling bit and wink polarity (on-off-on or off-on-off hook) is configurable through DTI/2xx board download parameters.
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