1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:11,160 In this video, you'll learn how to create GPT partitions with ParThet. 2 00:00:11,160 --> 00:00:15,520 Now let me mention one thing, ParThet is not the only utility. 3 00:00:15,520 --> 00:00:21,440 You can also use fdisk and create a GPT partition, or use the gdisk utility instead. 4 00:00:21,440 --> 00:00:26,320 And depending on where you come from, you might find that a little bit more intuitive. 5 00:00:26,320 --> 00:00:30,080 As in ParThet, you need to use options that are a bit surprising. 6 00:00:30,080 --> 00:00:32,080 So how are you going to use ParThet? 7 00:00:32,080 --> 00:00:34,119 You need to open the ParThet shell. 8 00:00:34,119 --> 00:00:38,639 So ParThet dev sdb will open the ParThet shell on your sdb device. 9 00:00:38,639 --> 00:00:42,119 And access commands that allow you to work with it. 10 00:00:42,119 --> 00:00:45,919 Like print, which will show the current partition type. 11 00:00:45,919 --> 00:00:52,560 MK label allows you to set either GPT or MBR, which is the MS-DOS partition label. 12 00:00:52,560 --> 00:00:58,400 MK part, which will prompt for the partition name, file system type, and start and end. 13 00:00:58,400 --> 00:01:01,439 This prompt for the file system type is rather confusing, 14 00:01:01,439 --> 00:01:04,160 because it won't create a file system for you. 15 00:01:04,160 --> 00:01:08,239 It will just mark the partition in the appropriate way. 16 00:01:08,239 --> 00:01:11,239 Next, you can use print to verify what you've done so far. 17 00:01:11,239 --> 00:01:17,959 And assuming that you are happy, you can use quit to exit ParThet and update the partition table. 18 00:01:17,959 --> 00:01:22,000 Let me show you how to do this on an example disk. 19 00:01:22,000 --> 00:01:28,879 So once again, I'm starting with lsblk, which is showing that my free device is NVMe 0 and 2. 20 00:01:28,879 --> 00:01:35,239 Good. So I'm using ParThet on dev NVMe 0 and 2. 21 00:01:35,239 --> 00:01:38,599 And there we can see the ParThet interface. 22 00:01:38,599 --> 00:01:43,879 At any time, you can use help for help about the commands that are available. 23 00:01:43,879 --> 00:01:48,279 That can be useful if you get lost on this interface. 24 00:01:48,279 --> 00:01:51,760 Now I'm going to start with the print command. 25 00:01:51,760 --> 00:01:55,559 And the print command is giving me partition table unknown. 26 00:01:55,559 --> 00:01:58,120 Now that's a serious, serious situation. 27 00:01:58,120 --> 00:02:01,480 And that is why I need MKLABEL GPT. 28 00:02:01,480 --> 00:02:05,440 And now we have the partition label set to GPT. 29 00:02:05,440 --> 00:02:12,080 Then I can use MKPART PRIMARY, which is surprising, but it's a requirement in ParThet. 30 00:02:12,080 --> 00:02:20,479 I mean, GPT doesn't have the notion of primary and secondary and standard and logical partitions. 31 00:02:20,479 --> 00:02:22,960 GPT just has partitions. 32 00:02:22,960 --> 00:02:29,839 But ParThet, due to its compatibility with MBR, needs you to specify primary. 33 00:02:29,839 --> 00:02:32,839 Then I need to specify the use of the partition. 34 00:02:32,839 --> 00:02:35,160 And in this case, that will be ext4. 35 00:02:35,160 --> 00:02:40,119 That is also surprising because it doesn't do anything with that information. 36 00:02:40,119 --> 00:02:42,720 It doesn't add an ext4 file system. 37 00:02:42,720 --> 00:02:46,479 You still need to add the file system separately. 38 00:02:46,479 --> 00:02:47,839 0%. 39 00:02:47,839 --> 00:02:52,279 That's how I indicate that the partition should start at the beginning of my disk. 40 00:02:52,279 --> 00:02:56,759 And 1 GB is the size of the partition. 41 00:02:56,759 --> 00:02:58,399 And now I'm going to repeat that. 42 00:02:58,399 --> 00:03:02,440 And I'm using MKPART PRIMARY once more. 43 00:03:02,440 --> 00:03:04,880 And this time I'm using Linux Swap. 44 00:03:04,880 --> 00:03:06,720 Linux Swap is a partition type. 45 00:03:06,720 --> 00:03:08,399 We will talk about it later. 46 00:03:08,399 --> 00:03:11,639 And here you can set the partition type directly. 47 00:03:11,639 --> 00:03:14,000 Then I need to indicate where it should start. 48 00:03:14,000 --> 00:03:16,399 Well, it should start at 1 GB. 49 00:03:16,399 --> 00:03:19,080 And it should end at 6 GB. 50 00:03:19,080 --> 00:03:21,119 And that is doing it. 51 00:03:21,119 --> 00:03:22,679 Hey, we are working in the blind. 52 00:03:22,679 --> 00:03:24,320 I don't like that very much. 53 00:03:24,320 --> 00:03:30,759 So please use print so that you can verify what is going on and what it has done so far. 54 00:03:30,759 --> 00:03:32,440 And this is looking good. 55 00:03:32,440 --> 00:03:37,119 So I am going to use quit to write all of it. 56 00:03:37,119 --> 00:03:40,240 And that's telling me you may need to update etcfsap. 57 00:03:40,279 --> 00:03:46,039 No, because I still need to use MKFS to create my file systems. 58 00:03:46,039 --> 00:03:47,880 Now, I want to show you a command. 59 00:03:47,880 --> 00:03:51,000 And this command is UDEFADM SETTLE. 60 00:03:51,000 --> 00:03:57,520 UDEFADM SETTLE is what the PARTET guys are recommending to update systemd UDEFD 61 00:03:57,520 --> 00:04:01,240 and make sure that the devices are created throughout. 62 00:04:01,240 --> 00:04:05,279 On modern Linux, you won't need to do that very often anymore. 63 00:04:05,279 --> 00:04:08,240 But you're preparing for an exam. 64 00:04:08,240 --> 00:04:12,360 And in the exam, this might come in handy to know about it. 65 00:04:12,360 --> 00:04:14,479 And here you can see what is going on. 66 00:04:14,479 --> 00:04:15,759 And what has it done? 67 00:04:15,759 --> 00:04:20,239 Well, it has created two partitions, the P1 and the P2. 68 00:04:20,239 --> 00:04:24,880 And kind of funny, I asked it to create a 1 GB partition. 69 00:04:24,880 --> 00:04:25,679 It did not. 70 00:04:25,679 --> 00:04:29,760 It created a 1023 MB partition. 71 00:04:29,760 --> 00:04:35,679 And that is one of the reasons that I'm not sure that PARTET is the best utility. 72 00:04:35,679 --> 00:04:37,279 You know what I'm going to do? 73 00:04:37,279 --> 00:04:40,079 I'm going to show you how to do the same with FDISK. 74 00:04:40,079 --> 00:04:44,559 So FDISK on dev NVMe 0 and 2. 75 00:04:44,559 --> 00:04:46,559 Using P to print. 76 00:04:46,559 --> 00:04:50,200 And here we can see the partitions that have been created so far. 77 00:04:50,200 --> 00:04:52,399 Using M for the menu. 78 00:04:52,399 --> 00:04:58,320 Now, in FDISK, it's important to know that FDISK is an MBR-oriented utility. 79 00:04:58,320 --> 00:05:02,320 So if you want to create GPT, you really must use G 80 00:05:02,320 --> 00:05:07,480 to create a new empty GPT partition table before you do anything else. 81 00:05:07,480 --> 00:05:10,880 Now I'm going to use N to create a new partition. 82 00:05:10,880 --> 00:05:13,239 And I like it that FDISK is telling me something. 83 00:05:13,239 --> 00:05:16,519 Hey, it's suggesting me to create a default partition 3. 84 00:05:16,519 --> 00:05:19,279 And I can go up to 128. 85 00:05:19,279 --> 00:05:23,559 And then first sector, well, I'm just going to enter what it proposes. 86 00:05:23,559 --> 00:05:29,959 And last sector, I'm going to make that plus 1 G for 1 GB. 87 00:05:29,959 --> 00:05:34,320 And there we can see new partition 3 of type Linux file system. 88 00:05:34,320 --> 00:05:35,600 I'm using P. 89 00:05:35,600 --> 00:05:39,480 And there we can see that my very first partition that I created in part, 90 00:05:39,480 --> 00:05:41,720 it is the type Linux file system. 91 00:05:41,720 --> 00:05:43,359 Oh, that is this one. 92 00:05:43,359 --> 00:05:47,160 And the FDISK partition is the type Linux file system as well. 93 00:05:47,160 --> 00:05:52,359 The funny thing is when in part that I specified I want an EXT4 partition, 94 00:05:52,359 --> 00:05:54,760 it doesn't do anything with EXT4. 95 00:05:54,760 --> 00:05:58,480 It just sets the partition type as Linux file system. 96 00:05:58,480 --> 00:06:00,320 And that is what it is doing. 97 00:06:00,320 --> 00:06:03,920 And here you can see that FDISK has done what I asked it to do. 98 00:06:03,920 --> 00:06:06,320 It created the 1 GB partition. 99 00:06:06,320 --> 00:06:07,959 And that's what I wanted, right? 100 00:06:07,959 --> 00:06:09,440 So I'm happy with it. 101 00:06:09,440 --> 00:06:11,679 And I'm going to use W to write. 102 00:06:11,679 --> 00:06:15,839 And in case you are wondering, doesn't it hurt to use two different utilities? 103 00:06:15,839 --> 00:06:17,119 No, not at all. 104 00:06:17,119 --> 00:06:21,679 Because they are just two different ways to write information to your disk. 105 00:06:21,679 --> 00:06:23,160 And it just works. 106 00:06:23,160 --> 00:06:26,880 And that is what we confirm when we use LSBLK. 107 00:06:26,880 --> 00:06:31,359 There you go, three partitions on NVMe 0 and 2.