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In this video, you'll learn about bootstrapping of cloud hosts and virtual machines.

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So what exactly is bootstrapping?

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Well, you need to know that cloud instances are not installed, they are deployed from

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an image.

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And deploying an instance means that the properties that you have defined in cloud are added to

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the image, and that is what you call bootstrapping.

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Now bootstrapping turns the raw cloud image into a running system.

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And in the cloud, the bootstrapping procedure replaces the normal starter procedure of a

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system that is installed.

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And that is why when you are dealing with Linux in the cloud, you don't deal with grub,

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etc.

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You deal with boot settings provided by the cloud.

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Now typically, the following will happen while you are bootstrapping.

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First, instance-specific settings are defined in the cloud and they are injected into the

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instance.

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Then networking and storage are applied, and updates may be installed, and the instance

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may join external systems such as Active Directory or Ansible for configuration management.

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Cloud-init is an important component in bootstrapping because it is a common open-source tool that

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is used for bootstrapping of cloud instances.

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And it uses a configuration file which is typically set in cloud-init.yaml, which injects

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specific settings to the instance.

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For instance, it sets the hostname, it installs packages, and for an example, you can see

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the cloud-init.yaml in the course Git repository at github.com slash Sander van Vugt slash

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Linux Plus.

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Let's check it out.

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So let me git clone the Git repository.

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And there you can see an example of a cloud-init.yaml.

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Let's install a real editor first.

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So as you can see, it defines all the host properties, like the hostname and the FQDN.

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And here you can see the network-related settings.

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You can see that it should start nginx.

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And at the end, you can see that there is a configuration file for nginx.

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So that is all, and that will perfectly bootstrap the image for you in the appropriate cloud

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context.