Knowledge Base

BUG: C2248 When Access Protected Nested Class in Derived Class

Article ID: 122370

Article Last Modified on 7/5/2005

Microsoft Visual C++ 1.0 Professional Edition
Microsoft Visual C++ 2.0 Professional Edition
Microsoft Visual C++ 2.1
Microsoft Visual C++ 4.0 Standard Edition
Microsoft Visual C++ 4.1 Subscription
Microsoft Visual C++ 4.2 Enterprise Edition
Microsoft Visual C++ 5.0 Enterprise Edition
Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 Enterprise Edition
Microsoft Visual C++ 4.2 Professional Edition
Microsoft Visual C++ 5.0 Professional Edition
Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 Professional Edition
Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 Standard Edition

This article was previously published under Q122370

SYMPTOMS

In the sample code in this article, class C2 is derived from C1, and contains nested class S2, which is derived from nested class S1, declared in class C1. Compiling the sample code results in the following compiler error:

error C2248: 'S1' : cannot access protected class declared in class 'C1'

RESOLUTION

Declare nested class C1::S1 as public.

STATUS

Microsoft has confirmed that this is a bug in the Microsoft products that are listed at the beginning of this article.

MORE INFORMATION

Referencing nested class S1 inside of the class C2 declaration does not create a problem, but deriving from it does. Also note that you have to include the base class name for the declaration of the derived nested class (C1::S1). That should not be required, but omitting to do so prevents the compiler from recognizing the nested class from the base class as a valid class name.

Sample Code

/* Compile options needed: none
*/ 

class C1
{
protected:
  class S1
  {
  };
};

class C2 : public C1
{
  S1 s1;

  class S2 : public C1::S1    // this line generates C2248 error
  {
  };
};

Additional query words: kbVC400bug 8.00 8.00c 9.00 10.00 10.10 10.20 buglist1.00 buglist1.50 buglist1.51 buglist2.00 buglist7.00

Keywords: kbbug kbcpponly kbcompiler KB122370