/* -*- Mode: C; tab-width: 4 -*- */
/* julia --- continuously varying Julia set */

#if !defined( lint ) && !defined( SABER )
static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)julia.c	4.07 97/11/24 xlockmore";

#endif

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1995 Sean McCullough <bankshot@mailhost.nmt.edu>.
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
 * documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
 * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
 * both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
 * supporting documentation.
 *
 * This file is provided AS IS with no warranties of any kind.  The author
 * shall have no liability with respect to the infringement of copyrights,
 * trade secrets or any patents by this file or any part thereof.  In no
 * event will the author be liable for any lost revenue or profits or
 * other special, indirect and consequential damages.
 *
 * Check out  A.K. Dewdney's "Computer Recreations", Scientific
 * American Magazine" Nov 1987.
 *
 * Revision History:
 * 28-May-97: jwz@jwz.org: added interactive frobbing with the mouse.
 * 10-May-97: jwz@jwz.org: turned into a standalone program.
 * 02-Dec-95: snagged boilerplate from hop.c
 *           used ifs {w0 = sqrt(x-c), w1 = -sqrt(x-c)} with random iteration
 *           to plot the julia set, and sinusoidially varied parameter for set
 *           and plotted parameter with a circle.
 */

/*-
 * One thing to note is that batchcount is the *depth* of the search tree,
 * so the number of points computed is 2^batchcount - 1.  I use 8 or 9
 * on a dx266 and it looks okay.  The sinusoidal variation of the parameter
 * might not be as interesting as it could, but it still gives an idea of
 * the effect of the parameter.
 */

#ifdef STANDALONE
#define PROGCLASS "Julia"
#define HACK_INIT init_julia
#define HACK_DRAW draw_julia
#define julia_opts xlockmore_opts
#define DEFAULTS "*delay: 10000 \n" \
 "*count: 1000 \n" \
 "*cycles: 20 \n" \
 "*ncolors: 200 \n" \
 "*mouse: False \n"
#define UNIFORM_COLORS
#include "xlockmore.h"		/* in xscreensaver distribution */

#else /* STANDALONE */
#include "xlock.h"		/* in xlockmore distribution */

#endif /* STANDALONE */

#ifdef MODE_julia

#define DEF_TRACKMOUSE  "False"

static Bool trackmouse;

static XrmOptionDescRec opts[] =
{
        {(char *) "-trackmouse", (char *) ".julia.trackmouse", XrmoptionNoArg, (caddr_t) "on"},
        {(char *) "+trackmouse", (char *) ".julia.trackmouse", XrmoptionNoArg, (caddr_t) "off"}
};

static argtype vars[] =
{
        {(caddr_t *) & trackmouse, (char *) "trackmouse", (char *) "TrackMouse", (char *) DEF_TRACKMOUSE, t_Bool}
};

static OptionStruct desc[] =
{
        {(char *) "-/+trackmouse", (char *) "turn on/off the tracking of the mouse"}
};

ModeSpecOpt julia_opts =
{sizeof opts / sizeof opts[0], opts, sizeof vars / sizeof vars[0], vars, desc};


#ifdef USE_MODULES
ModStruct   julia_description =
{"julia", "init_julia", "draw_julia", "release_julia",
 "refresh_julia", "init_julia", NULL, &julia_opts,
 10000, 1000, 20, 1, 64, 1.0, "",
 "Shows the Julia set", 0, NULL};

#endif

#define numpoints ((0x2<<jp->depth)-1)

typedef struct {
	int         centerx;
	int         centery;	/* center of the screen */
	double      cr;
	double      ci;		/* julia params */
	int         depth;
	int         inc;
	int         circsize;
	int         erase;
	int         pix;
	long        itree;
	int         buffer;
	int         nbuffers;
	int         redrawing, redrawpos;
	Pixmap      pixmap;
	GC          stippledGC;
	XPoint    **pointBuffer;	/* pointer for XDrawPoints */
	Cursor      cursor;
} juliastruct;

static juliastruct *julias = NULL;

/* How many segments to draw per cycle when redrawing */
#define REDRAWSTEP 3

static void
apply(juliastruct * jp, register double xr, register double xi, int d)
{
	double      theta, r;

	jp->pointBuffer[jp->buffer][jp->itree].x =
		(int) (0.5 * xr * jp->centerx + jp->centerx);
	jp->pointBuffer[jp->buffer][jp->itree].y =
		(int) (0.5 * xi * jp->centery + jp->centery);
	jp->itree++;

	if (d > 0) {
		xi -= jp->ci;
		xr -= jp->cr;

		/* Avoid atan2: DOMAIN error message */
		theta = (xi == 0.0 && xr == 0.0) ? 0.0 : atan2(xi, xr) / 2.0;

		/*r = pow(xi * xi + xr * xr, 0.25); */
		r = sqrt(sqrt(xi * xi + xr * xr));	/* 3 times faster */

		xr = r * cos(theta);
		xi = r * sin(theta);

		d--;
		apply(jp, xr, xi, d);
		apply(jp, -xr, -xi, d);
	}
}

static void
incr(ModeInfo * mi, juliastruct * jp)
{
	Bool        track_p = trackmouse;
	int         cx, cy;

	if (track_p) {
		Window      r, c;
		int         rx, ry;
		unsigned int m;

		(void) XQueryPointer(MI_DISPLAY(mi), MI_WINDOW(mi),
				     &r, &c, &rx, &ry, &cx, &cy, &m);
		if (cx <= 0 || cy <= 0 ||
		    cx >= MI_WIDTH(mi) - jp->circsize - 1 ||
		    cy >= MI_HEIGHT(mi) - jp->circsize - 1)
			track_p = False;
	}
	if (track_p) {
		jp->cr = ((double) (cx + 2 - jp->centerx)) * 2 / jp->centerx;
		jp->ci = ((double) (cy + 2 - jp->centery)) * 2 / jp->centery;
	} else {
		jp->cr = 1.5 * (sin(M_PI * (jp->inc / 300.0)) *
				sin(jp->inc * M_PI / 200.0));
		jp->ci = 1.5 * (cos(M_PI * (jp->inc / 300.0)) *
				cos(jp->inc * M_PI / 200.0));

		jp->cr += 0.5 * cos(M_PI * jp->inc / 400.0);
		jp->ci += 0.5 * sin(M_PI * jp->inc / 400.0);
	}
}

void
init_julia(ModeInfo * mi)
{
	Display    *display = MI_DISPLAY(mi);
	Window      window = MI_WINDOW(mi);
	juliastruct *jp;
	XGCValues   gcv;
	int         i, j;

	if (julias == NULL) {
		if ((julias = (juliastruct *) calloc(MI_NUM_SCREENS(mi),
					      sizeof (juliastruct))) == NULL)
			return;
	}
	jp = &julias[MI_SCREEN(mi)];

	jp->centerx = MI_WIDTH(mi) / 2;
	jp->centery = MI_HEIGHT(mi) / 2;

	jp->depth = MI_COUNT(mi);
	if (jp->depth > 10)
		jp->depth = 10;

	if (trackmouse && !jp->cursor) {	/* Create an invisible cursor */
		Pixmap      bit;
		XColor      black;

		black.red = 0;
		black.green = 0;
		black.blue = 0;
		black.flags = DoRed | DoGreen | DoBlue;
		bit = XCreatePixmapFromBitmapData(display, window, "\000", 1, 1,
						  MI_BLACK_PIXEL(mi),
						  MI_BLACK_PIXEL(mi), 1);
		jp->cursor = XCreatePixmapCursor(display, bit, bit, &black, &black,
						 0, 0);
		XFreePixmap(display, bit);
	}
	XDefineCursor(display, window, jp->cursor);
	if (jp->pixmap != None &&
	    jp->circsize != (MIN(jp->centerx, jp->centery) / 60) * 2 + 1) {
		XFreePixmap(display, jp->pixmap);
		jp->pixmap = None;
	}
	if (jp->pixmap == None) {
		GC          fg_gc = None, bg_gc = None;

		jp->circsize = (MIN(jp->centerx, jp->centery) / 96) * 2 + 1;
		jp->pixmap = XCreatePixmap(display, window, jp->circsize, jp->circsize, 1);
		gcv.foreground = 1;
		fg_gc = XCreateGC(display, jp->pixmap, GCForeground, &gcv);
		gcv.foreground = 0;
		bg_gc = XCreateGC(display, jp->pixmap, GCForeground, &gcv);
		XFillRectangle(display, jp->pixmap, bg_gc,
			       0, 0, jp->circsize, jp->circsize);
		if (jp->circsize < 2)
			XDrawPoint(display, jp->pixmap, fg_gc, 0, 0);
		else
			XFillArc(display, jp->pixmap, fg_gc,
				 0, 0, jp->circsize, jp->circsize, 0, 23040);
		if (fg_gc != None)
			XFreeGC(display, fg_gc);
		if (bg_gc != None)
			XFreeGC(display, bg_gc);
	}
	if (!jp->stippledGC) {
		gcv.foreground = MI_BLACK_PIXEL(mi);
		gcv.background = MI_BLACK_PIXEL(mi);
		if ((jp->stippledGC = XCreateGC(display, window,
				 GCForeground | GCBackground, &gcv)) == None)
			return;
	}
	if (MI_NPIXELS(mi) > 2)
		jp->pix = NRAND(MI_NPIXELS(mi));
	jp->inc = NRAND(400) - 200;
	jp->nbuffers = MI_CYCLES(mi) + 1;
	if (!jp->pointBuffer)
		jp->pointBuffer = (XPoint **) calloc(jp->nbuffers, sizeof (XPoint *));
	for (i = 0; i < jp->nbuffers; ++i) {
		if (!jp->pointBuffer[i])
			jp->pointBuffer[i] = (XPoint *) malloc(numpoints * sizeof (XPoint));
		for (j = 0; j < numpoints; j++)
			jp->pointBuffer[i][j].x = jp->pointBuffer[i][j].y = -1;		/* move initial point off screen */
	}
	jp->buffer = 0;
	jp->redrawing = 0;
	jp->erase = 0;

	MI_CLEARWINDOW(mi);
}

void
draw_julia(ModeInfo * mi)
{
	Display    *display = MI_DISPLAY(mi);
	Window      window = MI_WINDOW(mi);
	GC          gc = MI_GC(mi);
	juliastruct *jp = &julias[MI_SCREEN(mi)];
	double      r, theta;
	register double xr = 0.0, xi = 0.0;
	int         k = 64, rnd = 0, i, j;
	XPoint     *xp = jp->pointBuffer[jp->buffer], old_circle, new_circle;

	MI_IS_DRAWN(mi) = True;

	old_circle.x = (int) (jp->centerx * jp->cr / 2) + jp->centerx - 2;
	old_circle.y = (int) (jp->centery * jp->ci / 2) + jp->centery - 2;
	incr(mi, jp);
	new_circle.x = (int) (jp->centerx * jp->cr / 2) + jp->centerx - 2;
	new_circle.y = (int) (jp->centery * jp->ci / 2) + jp->centery - 2;
	XSetForeground(display, gc, MI_BLACK_PIXEL(mi));
	ERASE_IMAGE(display, window, gc, new_circle.x, new_circle.y,
		    old_circle.x, old_circle.y, jp->circsize, jp->circsize);
	/* draw a circle at the c-parameter so you can see it's effect on the
	   structure of the julia set */
	XSetTSOrigin(display, jp->stippledGC, new_circle.x, new_circle.y);
	XSetForeground(display, jp->stippledGC, MI_WHITE_PIXEL(mi));
	XSetStipple(display, jp->stippledGC, jp->pixmap);
	XSetFillStyle(display, jp->stippledGC, FillOpaqueStippled);
	XFillRectangle(display, window, jp->stippledGC, new_circle.x, new_circle.y,
		       jp->circsize, jp->circsize);
	XFlush(display);
	if (jp->erase == 1) {
		XDrawPoints(display, window, gc,
		    jp->pointBuffer[jp->buffer], numpoints, CoordModeOrigin);
	}
	jp->inc++;
	if (MI_NPIXELS(mi) > 2) {
		XSetForeground(display, gc, MI_PIXEL(mi, jp->pix));
		if (++jp->pix >= MI_NPIXELS(mi))
			jp->pix = 0;
	} else
		XSetForeground(display, gc, MI_WHITE_PIXEL(mi));
	while (k--) {

		/* save calls to LRAND by using bit shifts over and over on the same
		   int for 32 iterations, then get a new random int */
		if (!(k % 32))
			rnd = (int) LRAND();

		/* complex sqrt: x^0.5 = radius^0.5*(cos(theta/2) + i*sin(theta/2)) */

		xi -= jp->ci;
		xr -= jp->cr;

		/* Avoid atan2: DOMAIN error message */
		if (xi == 0.0 && xr == 0.0)
			theta = 0.0;
		else
			theta = atan2(xi, xr) / 2.0;

		/*r = pow(xi * xi + xr * xr, 0.25); */
		r = sqrt(sqrt(xi * xi + xr * xr));	/* 3 times faster */

		xr = r * cos(theta);
		xi = r * sin(theta);

		if ((rnd >> (k % 32)) & 0x1) {
			xi = -xi;
			xr = -xr;
		}
		xp->x = jp->centerx + (int) ((jp->centerx >> 1) * xr);
		xp->y = jp->centery + (int) ((jp->centery >> 1) * xi);
		xp++;
	}

	jp->itree = 0;
	apply(jp, xr, xi, jp->depth);

	XDrawPoints(display, window, gc,
		    jp->pointBuffer[jp->buffer], numpoints, CoordModeOrigin);

	jp->buffer++;
	if (jp->buffer > jp->nbuffers - 1) {
		jp->buffer -= jp->nbuffers;
		jp->erase = 1;
	}
	if (jp->redrawing) {
		for (i = 0; i < REDRAWSTEP; i++) {
			j = (jp->buffer - jp->redrawpos + jp->nbuffers) % jp->nbuffers;
			XDrawPoints(display, window, gc,
			     jp->pointBuffer[j], numpoints, CoordModeOrigin);

			if (++(jp->redrawpos) >= jp->nbuffers) {
				jp->redrawing = 0;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
}

void
release_julia(ModeInfo * mi)
{
	if (julias != NULL) {
		int         screen;

		for (screen = 0; screen < MI_NUM_SCREENS(mi); screen++) {
			Display    *display = MI_DISPLAY(mi);
			juliastruct *jp = &julias[screen];
			int         buffer;

			if (jp->pointBuffer) {
				for (buffer = 0; buffer < jp->nbuffers; buffer++)
					if (jp->pointBuffer[buffer])
						(void) free((void *) jp->pointBuffer[buffer]);
				(void) free((void *) jp->pointBuffer);
			}
			if (jp->stippledGC != None)
				XFreeGC(display, jp->stippledGC);
			if (jp->pixmap != None)
				XFreePixmap(display, jp->pixmap);
			if (jp->cursor)
				XFreeCursor(display, jp->cursor);
		}
		(void) free((void *) julias);
		julias = NULL;
	}
}

void
refresh_julia(ModeInfo * mi)
{
	juliastruct *jp = &julias[MI_SCREEN(mi)];

	MI_CLEARWINDOW(mi);
	jp->redrawing = 1;
	jp->redrawpos = 0;
}

#endif /* MODE_julia */
