/* ** XSwarm ** ====== ** ** Purpose: Display a swarm of bees chasing a wasp. ** ** Features: uses only integer math ** can be put in the root window ** uses non-blocking delays to decrease cpu usage and control speed ** has no redeeming social value ** ** Comments: I used psychoII (I assume it's a derivative of ico.) as an ** an example of how to open up a window and draw some lines. ** Most of this program is now totally rewritten by me, but the ** initial window manager hints stuff is left over from the older ** program. ** ** Any comments, enhances, or fixes are welcome! ** ** Created: by Jeff Butterworth on 7/11/90 ** butterwo@cs.unc.edu or butterwo@ncsc.org ** ** Updated: by Jeff Butterworth on 8/1/90 ** */ /* These are needed for the nap function. */ #ifdef VMS #include #include #include #include #else #include #include #include #include #endif #include /* Standard Includes */ #include /* Includes for this project. */ #include "xswarm.h" /* These variables are used to analyze the command line parameters. */ int option; int optind = 0; char *optarg = NULL; char *window_title = "XSwarm, Version 1.1, by Jeff Butterworth"; char getopt(int argc, char **argv, char *optstring) { char *opt; char *pos; int len = strlen(optstring); /* * trivial case ... everything on the command line was processed */ if (++optind == argc) { return(EOF); } /* * process the next thing on the argument list */ else { /* * if argument is not an option, return EOF ... optind contains index * of a non-option */ if (argv[optind][0] != '-') { return (EOF); } /* * if option is end-of-options, bump optind to ignore '--', and return * EOF */ if (argv[optind][1] == '-') { ++optind; return(EOF); } /* * if option is not found in optstring, return '?' */ if ((opt = strchr(optstring, argv[optind][1])) == 0) { return ('?'); } /* * if option requires an argument, figure out where it is and set * optarg to point to it */ if (opt[1] == ':') { int nn = 2; if (argv[optind][nn] == ':') nn = nn + 1; if (argv[optind][nn] != '\0') optarg = &argv[optind][nn]; else optarg = argv[++optind]; } /* * * character found */ return(*opt); } } /* Main() ** process command line parameters, setup X stuff */ main(argc, argv) int argc; char **argv; { char *geom = NULL; int root = FALSE; XSetWindowAttributes xswa; XWMHints wmhints; unsigned char wname[32]; XSizeHints sizehint; /* Check the command line. */ while ((option = getopt(argc,argv,"hq?vrxg:b:a:s:A:S:d:B:w:c:C:t:")) != EOF) { switch (option) { case 'v': verbose = TRUE; break; case 'r': root = TRUE; break; case 'x': xor = TRUE; break; case 'g': geom = optarg; break; case 'b': bees = atoi(optarg); break; case 'a': bee_acc = atoi(optarg); break; case 's': bee_vel = atoi(optarg); break; case 'A': wasp_acc = atoi(optarg); break; case 'S': wasp_vel = atoi(optarg); break; case 'd': delay = atoi(optarg) * 1000; /* convert to microseconds */ break; case 'B': border = atoi(optarg); break; case 'w': wasp_color = optarg; break; case 'c': bee_color = optarg; break; case 'C': bg_color = optarg; break; case 't': window_title = optarg; break; case 'h': case 'q': case '?': Usage(*argv); HandleError("The command line parameters were incorrect.", FATAL); break; } } /* Display the arguments. */ if (verbose) { printf("Here are the current settings...\n"); if (xor) printf("The logical raster operation GXxor is being used.\n"); else printf("The logical raster operation GXcopy is being used.\n"); printf("There are %d bees.\n", bees); printf("Bee acceleration is %d pixels per frame per frame.\n",bee_acc); printf("Bee speed limit is %d pixels per frame.\n", bee_vel); printf("Wasp acceleration is %d pixels per frame per frame.\n", wasp_acc); printf("Wasp speed limit is %d pixels per frame.\n", wasp_vel); printf("The non-blocking delay is %d milliseconds per frame.\n", delay / 1000); printf("The wasp can't go within %d pixels of the window edge.\n", border); printf("The wasp color is \"%s\"\n", wasp_color); printf("The bee color is \"%s\"\n", bee_color); printf("The background color is \"%s\"\n", bg_color); } /* This is a remnant of an earlier program. I don't remember if it is necessary. */ display.dname = NULL; winW = winH = winX = winY = 0; /* Open the display. */ if (!(display.dpy = XOpenDisplay(display.dname))) { HandleError("Cannot open display.\n"); exit(-1); } /* Set the colors. */ display.cmap = XDefaultColormap(display.dpy, DefaultScreen(display.dpy)); if (!display.cmap) HandleError("There was no default colormap!", FATAL); if (wasp_color == NULL) display.wasp =WhitePixel(display.dpy, DefaultScreen(display.dpy)); else display.wasp = GetColor(&display, wasp_color); if (bee_color == NULL) display.bee =WhitePixel(display.dpy, DefaultScreen(display.dpy)); else display.bee = GetColor(&display, bee_color); if (bg_color == NULL) display.bg =BlackPixel(display.dpy, DefaultScreen(display.dpy)); else display.bg = GetColor(&display, bg_color); /* Set up window parameters, create and map window if necessary */ if (!root) { winW = WINWIDTH; winH = WINHEIGHT; winX = (DisplayWidth(display.dpy, DefaultScreen(display.dpy)) - winW) >> 1; winY = (DisplayHeight(display.dpy, DefaultScreen(display.dpy)) - winH) >> 1; if (geom) XParseGeometry(geom, &winX, &winY, &winW, &winH); } else { winW = DisplayWidth(display.dpy, DefaultScreen(display.dpy)); winH = DisplayHeight(display.dpy, DefaultScreen(display.dpy)); winX = 0; winY = 0; } if (!root) { xswa.event_mask = 0; xswa.background_pixel = display.bg; xswa.border_pixel = display.wasp; display.win = XCreateWindow(display.dpy, DefaultRootWindow(display.dpy), winX + winW + 50, winY, winW, winH, 0, DefaultDepth(display.dpy, DefaultScreen(display.dpy)), InputOutput, DefaultVisual(display.dpy, DefaultScreen(display.dpy)), CWEventMask | CWBackPixel | CWBorderPixel, &xswa); sizehint.flags = PPosition | PSize; XSetNormalHints(display.dpy, display.win, &sizehint); display.protocol_atom = XInternAtom(display.dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False); display.kill_atom = XInternAtom(display.dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False); #ifdef X11R4 XSetWMProtocols(display.dpy, display.win, &display.kill_atom, 1); #endif /* Title */ sprintf(wname, window_title); XChangeProperty(display.dpy, display.win, XA_WM_NAME, XA_STRING, 8, PropModeReplace, wname, strlen(wname)); /* Window Manager Hints (This is supposed to make input work.) */ wmhints.flags = InputHint; wmhints.input = True; XSetWMHints(display.dpy, display.win, &wmhints); XMapWindow(display.dpy, display.win); } else display.win = display.dpy->screens[display.dpy->default_screen].root; /* Event Mask */ XSelectInput(display.dpy, display.win, KeyPressMask | CWEventMask); /* Set up the bees' graphics context. */ display.bee_gc = XCreateGC(display.dpy, display.win, 0, NULL); XSetForeground(display.dpy, display.bee_gc, display.bee); XSetBackground(display.dpy, display.bee_gc, display.bg); /* Set up the wasp's graphics context. */ display.wasp_gc = XCreateGC(display.dpy, display.win, 0, NULL); XSetForeground(display.dpy, display.wasp_gc, display.wasp); XSetBackground(display.dpy, display.wasp_gc, display.bg); /* Set up an erasing graphics context. */ display.erase_gc = XCreateGC(display.dpy, display.win, 0, NULL); XCopyGC(display.dpy, display.bee_gc, 0xffffffff, display.erase_gc); XSetForeground(display.dpy, display.erase_gc, display.bg); /* Set up an xor wasp graphics context. */ display.wasp_xor_gc = XCreateGC(display.dpy, display.win, 0, NULL); XCopyGC(display.dpy, display.wasp_gc, 0xffffffff, display.wasp_xor_gc); XSetFunction(display.dpy, display.wasp_xor_gc, GXxor); XSetForeground(display.dpy, display.wasp_xor_gc, display.bg); /* Set up an xor bee graphics context. */ display.bee_xor_gc = XCreateGC(display.dpy, display.win, 0, NULL); XCopyGC(display.dpy, display.bee_gc, 0xffffffff, display.bee_xor_gc); XSetFunction(display.dpy, display.bee_xor_gc, GXxor); XSetForeground(display.dpy, display.bee_xor_gc, display.bg); /* Clear the background. */ if (!xor) { XSetWindowBackground(display.dpy, display.win, display.bg); XFillRectangle(display.dpy, display.win, display.erase_gc, 0,0, winW, winH); } /* Animate the swarm. */ Animate(); } Animate() { register int b; /* bee index */ XSegment *segs; /* bee lines */ XSegment *old_segs; /* old bee lines */ short *x, *y; /* bee positions x[time][bee#] */ short *xv, *yv; /* bee velocities xv[bee#] */ short wx[3], wy[3]; short wxv, wyv; XEvent xev; short dx,dy,distance; int init = TRUE; /* Get the random number generator ready. */ #ifdef VMS srand((int) time(0) % 231); #else srandom((int) time(0) % 231); #endif /* Allocate memory. */ segs = (XSegment *) malloc(sizeof(XSegment) * bees); old_segs = (XSegment *) malloc(sizeof(XSegment) * bees); x = (short *) malloc(sizeof(short) * bees * repeat); y = (short *) malloc(sizeof(short) * bees * repeat); xv = (short *) malloc(sizeof(short) * bees); yv = (short *) malloc(sizeof(short) * bees); /* Initialize point positions, velocities, etc. */ /* wasp */ #ifdef VMS wx[0] = BORDER + rand() % (winW - 2*BORDER); wy[0] = BORDER + rand() % (winH - 2*BORDER); #else wx[0] = BORDER + random() % (winW - 2*BORDER); wy[0] = BORDER + random() % (winH - 2*BORDER); #endif wx[1] = wx[0]; wy[1] = wy[0]; wxv = 0; wyv = 0; /* bees */ for (b = 0 ; b < bees ; b++) { #ifdef VMS X(0,b) = rand() % winW; #else X(0,b) = random() % winW; #endif X(1,b) = X(0,b); #ifdef VMS Y(0,b) = rand() % winH; #else Y(0,b) = random() % winH; #endif Y(1,b) = Y(0,b); xv[b] = RAND(7); yv[b] = RAND(7); } /* Seemingly endless loop. */ for (;;) { /* <=- Wasp -=> */ /* Age the arrays. */ wx[2] = wx[1]; wx[1] = wx[0]; wy[2] = wy[1]; wy[1] = wy[0]; /* Accelerate */ wxv += RAND(wasp_acc); wyv += RAND(wasp_acc); /* Speed Limit Checks */ if (wxv > wasp_vel) wxv = wasp_vel; if (wxv < -wasp_vel) wxv = -wasp_vel; if (wyv > wasp_vel) wyv = wasp_vel; if (wyv < -wasp_vel) wyv = -wasp_vel; /* Move */ wx[0] = wx[1] + wxv; wy[0] = wy[1] + wyv; /* Bounce Checks */ if ((wx[0] < border) || (wx[0] > winW-border-1)) { wxv = -wxv; wx[0] += wxv; } if ((wy[0] < border) || (wy[0] > winH-border-1)) { wyv = -wyv; wy[0] += wyv; } /* Don't let things settle down. */ #ifdef VMS xv[rand() % bees] += RAND(3); yv[rand() % bees] += RAND(3); #else xv[random() % bees] += RAND(3); yv[random() % bees] += RAND(3); #endif /* <=- Bees -=> */ for (b = 0 ; b < bees ; b++) { /* Age the arrays. */ X(2,b) = X(1,b); X(1,b) = X(0,b); Y(2,b) = Y(1,b); Y(1,b) = Y(0,b); /* Accelerate */ dx = wx[1] - X(1,b); dy = wy[1] - Y(1,b); distance = abs(dx)+abs(dy); /* approximation */ if (distance == 0) distance = 1; xv[b] += (dx*bee_acc)/distance; yv[b] += (dy*bee_acc)/distance; /* Speed Limit Checks */ if (xv[b] > bee_vel) xv[b] = bee_vel; if (xv[b] < -bee_vel) xv[b] = -bee_vel; if (yv[b] > bee_vel) yv[b] = bee_vel; if (yv[b] < -bee_vel) yv[b] = -bee_vel; /* Move */ X(0,b) = X(1,b) + xv[b]; Y(0,b) = Y(1,b) + yv[b]; /* Fill the segment lists. */ segs[b].x1 = X(0,b); segs[b].y1 = Y(0,b); segs[b].x2 = X(1,b); segs[b].y2 = Y(1,b); old_segs[b].x1 = X(1,b); old_segs[b].y1 = Y(1,b); old_segs[b].x2 = X(2,b); old_segs[b].y2 = Y(2,b); } /* Erase previous, draw current, sync for smoothness. */ /* Wasp */ if (xor) { if (init == FALSE) XDrawLine(display.dpy, display.win, display.wasp_xor_gc, wx[1], wy[1], wx[2], wy[2]); XDrawLine(display.dpy, display.win, display.wasp_xor_gc, wx[0], wy[0], wx[1], wy[1]); } else { if (init == FALSE) XDrawLine(display.dpy, display.win, display.erase_gc, wx[1], wy[1], wx[2], wy[2]); XDrawLine(display.dpy, display.win, display.wasp_gc, wx[0], wy[0], wx[1], wy[1]); } /* Bees */ if (xor) { if (init == FALSE) XDrawSegments(display.dpy, display.win, display.bee_xor_gc, old_segs, bees); else init = FALSE; XDrawSegments(display.dpy, display.win, display.bee_xor_gc, segs, bees); } else { if (init == FALSE) XDrawSegments(display.dpy, display.win, display.erase_gc, old_segs, bees); else init = FALSE; XDrawSegments(display.dpy, display.win, display.bee_gc, segs, bees); } XSync(display.dpy, False); /* Check for events. */ if (XPending(display.dpy)) { XNextEvent(display.dpy, &xev); HandleEvent(&xev); } /* Clean up and shut down. */ if (stop) { if (xor) { XDrawSegments(display.dpy, display.win, display.bee_xor_gc, segs, bees); XDrawLine(display.dpy, display.win, display.wasp_xor_gc, wx[0], wy[0], wx[1], wy[1]); } else XFillRectangle(display.dpy, display.win, display.erase_gc, 0,0, winW, winH); XSync(display.dpy, 0); exit(0); } /* Delay so we don't use all of the cpu time. */ if (delay != 0) nap(0,delay); } } /* ** HandleEvent() ** ** process X events */ HandleEvent(event) XEvent *event; { switch (event->type) { case ClientMessage: /* sent by f.delete from twm */ { XClientMessageEvent *ev = (XClientMessageEvent *) event; if (ev->message_type == display.protocol_atom && ev->data.l[0] == display.kill_atom) stop = TRUE; } break; case KeyPress: { XKeyEvent *key_event = (XKeyEvent *) event; char buf[128]; KeySym ks; XComposeStatus status; XLookupString(key_event,buf,128,&ks,&status); if (buf[0]=='q' || buf[0]=='Q') stop = TRUE; } break; default: break; } } /* nap ** ** put the process to sleep for a while */ void catchalarm() { } /* SIGALRM (null) signal handler */ void nap(sec,usec) long sec, usec; { #ifdef unix extern int setitimer(); extern void sigpause(); struct itimerval wait; static int sigset = FALSE; /* If usec is larger than 1 second: */ while(usec >= 1e6) { sec++; usec -= 1e6; } if(!sigset) { signal(SIGALRM,catchalarm); sigset = TRUE; } wait.it_value.tv_sec = sec; wait.it_value.tv_usec = usec; wait.it_interval.tv_sec = 0; wait.it_interval.tv_usec = 0; if((setitimer(ITIMER_REAL,&wait,NULL)) == -1) { HandleError("bad setitimer()", FATAL); } sigpause(0); #else /* If usec is larger than 1 second: */ while(usec >= 1e6) { sec++; usec -= 1e6; } /* ok, it's not the same but it seems to work */ sleep(sec); #endif } void Usage(program) char *program; { printf("\n%s [options]\n\n", program); printf("-r use root window\n"); printf("-d delay non-blocking delay between screen updates in msec\n"); printf(" (Less than 10 is dangerous!)\n"); printf("-x use the logical xor raster operation\n"); printf(" (This is buggy, but it leaves your root bitmap alone!)\n"); printf("-g geom window geometry\n"); printf("-b bees number of bees\n"); printf("-a bee_acc bee acceleration in pixels per frame per frame\n"); printf("-s bee_vel bee speed limit in pixels per frame\n"); printf("-A wasp_acc wasp max acceleration in pixels per frame per frame\n"); printf("-S wasp_vel wasp speed limit in pixels per frame\n"); printf("-B width border width that wasp can't cross\n"); printf("-w wasp_clr wasp color\n"); printf("-c bee_clr bee color\n"); printf("-C bg_color background color\n"); printf("-t title window title\n"); printf("-h|q|? display this message\n"); printf("\nPress q in the window to stop the insanity.\n\n"); } void HandleError(description, degree) char *description; int degree; { fprintf(stderr, "An error has occurred. The description is below...\n"); fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", description); if (degree == FATAL) { fprintf(stderr, "Program aborting...\n"); exit(-1); } } long GetColor(display, color) disp *display; char *color; { XColor cdef; char error_str[STD_STR]; if (XParseColor(display->dpy, display->cmap, color, &cdef) && XAllocColor(display->dpy, display->cmap, &cdef)) return(cdef.pixel); else { sprintf(error_str, "Color \"%s\" wasn't found.", color); HandleError(error_str, FATAL); } }