.ifnot hlp .subtitle .left margin .page .HL 1 BASIC TEXT FORMATTING .endif hlp .fill .helpc BLANK .q _.BLANK [-n] .qq _.B [-n] .p.x BLANK Skips n absolute lines. BLANK is like SKIP, except that the space to be left is independent of line spacing. If the page is empty, BLANK does nothing. n can be negative to move to n lines from the end of the page. .ifnot small The maximum value of n is 127 for normal spacing and 255 for half spacing. Blank can not be used to skip lines to leave room for artwork or figures because no lines will be skipped at the top of a page. Negative n or n greater than 6 are not allowed in footnotes or text sections. _.BLANK 6 will always leave 1 inch of space on the page. .endif small .i5;DEFAULT: _.BLANK 1 .helpc BREAK .q _.BREAK .qq _.BR .p.x BREAK causes a break, i.e. the current line will be output with no justification, and the next word of the source text will be placed at the beginning of the next line. .bb .q _.BREAK LINE .qq _.BRL .p.x BREAK>LINE This command causes the next line to be broken at the end. This is extremely useful when defining commands. .eb .helpc CENTER .q _.CENTER [LINE][+-n] .qq _.CENTRE [+-n] .qq _.C [LINE] [+-n] .p.x CENTER LINE .x CENTRE causes a BREAK and centers the following line of text in the source file. The centering is halfway between the right and left margins if n is not specified. If n is specified as an absolute argument (no sign) then the centering is over column n. .ifnot small If n is a relative argument the centering is over the default center plus the relative value of n. If a _.RIGHT command has been already specified for the current line the _.CENTER command will be treated as an error. Tab stops are converted to single spaces for centered lines. .note The definition of n differs from the previous version of RUNOFF and DSR. .end note .if hlp .if rsx.i5;ADDITIONAL HELP AVAILABLE: TEXT .endif rsx .endif hlp .helpd TEXT .endif small .q _.CENTER TEXT [+-n] .qq _.C TEXT [+-n] .qn _.END CENTER .qn _.ECN .x END>CENTER .p.x CENTER TEXT _.CENTER TEXT centers lines of text until a _.END CENTER command. .ifnot small This differs from _.CENTER LINE in that it centers more than 1 line of text. Centering automatically prevents filling and justification. The argument n has the same meaning as for _.CENTER LINE. (NOT available in DSR) .endif small .helpc FIGURE .q _.FIGURE [n] .qq _.FG n .p.x FIGURE leaves n lines blank to make room for a figure or diagram. If fewer than n lines remain on the current page, the page is advanced and n blank lines are left at the top of the next page. This command guarantees your having n blank lines for a figure, while blank will not generate extra lines at the top or the bottom of the page. .ifnot small If n is greater than the number of lines/page an entirely blank page is produced. If a figure caption follows the figure command it may not appear on the same page as the reserved space unless _.TEST TEXT has been used to guarantee enough space. To guarantee the caption and figure are on the same page, use _.TEXT. _.FIGURE is not allowed during footnotes. If the current page doesn't have enough space for the figure, the page is left with a number of blank lines at the bottom of it and n blank lines at the top of the next page. The maximum value of n is 127 for normal spacing and 255 for half spacing. .endif small .i5;DEFAULT: _.FIGURE 1 .ifnot small .if hlp .if RSX.i5;ADDITIONAL HELP AVAILABLE: DEFERRED .endif rsx .endif hlp .helpd DEFERRED .endif small .q _.FIGURE DEFERRED [n] .qq _.FGD [n] .p.x FIGURE>DEFERRED This command will reserve n lines on the current page or if there is not enough room n lines at the top of the next page. This differs from _.FIGURE in that the current page will be filled with text right to the bottom line if there is no room for the figure on this page. .ifnot small This command can not have the figure caption follow the _.FIGURE command, unlike _.FIGURE. Captioned figures may be reserved using _.TEXT DEFERRED. This command may not be used inside a footnote, note, or text section. The maximum value of n is 127 for normal spacing and 255 for half spacing. This command is identical to: .i5;_.TEXT DEFERRED _.BLANK n _.END TEXT .ifnot hlp .NOTE _.BLANK, _.SKIP, and _.FIGURE are very similar commands. If you are intending to leave 1 inch of space _.BLANK 6 would be appropriate. If you need 3 lines of space _.SKIP 3 is the correct command. If you need to leave space at the top of a page, or need a guaranteed amount of space use _.FIGURE or _.FIGURE DEFERRED. When choosing between _.SKIP and _.BLANK remember that _.SKIP is appropriate if you are concerned with the number of text lines to skip, where text lines may be more than 1 physical line. _.BLANK is appropriate when the space to be left is an absolute value, for example .5 inches which is normally 3 physical lines. .end note .endif hlp .endif small .helpc INDENT .q _.INDENT [-n] .qq _.I [-n] .x INDENT .qq _.LEFT [-n] .qq _.L [-n] .p.x LEFT causes a BREAK and sets the next line to begin n spaces to the right of the left margin. .ifnot small The n can be negative to allow beginning a line to the left of the left margin. However, a line cannot begin to the left of column 0. .endif small .i5;DEFAULT _.INDENT paragraph-indentation .helpc PARAGRAPH .q _.PARAGRAPH [-n], [v], [t], [b] .qq _.P [-n], [v], [t], [b] .p.x PARAGRAPH Causes a break and starts a paragraph. The n is optional and, if present, sets the number of spaces the paragraph is to be indented. (n can also have a negative value). v is the vertical spacing or number of lines between paragraphs. v can range from 0 to 5. T is the TEST TEXT value. If there is not room for t lines remaining on the page then a new page is started. B is the bottom test value. This specifies the minimum number of lines allowed on the next page. .ifnot small B is ignored during a text section. If B is set to 2 then any paragraph which is split between 2 pages will have at least 2 lines on the second page. T and B are ignored during a text section or footnote. This command is equivalent to: .i5; _.SKIP v _.INDENT n _.TEST TEXT t,b .i5;(parameter b is not available in DSR) .if hlp .if RSX.s.i5;ADDITIONAL HELP AVAILABLE: SET .endif rsx .endif hlp .helpd SET .endif small .q _.SET PARAGRAPH [-n], [v], [t], [b] .qq _.SPR [-n], [v], [t], [b] .p.x SET PARAGRAPH This command sets the paragraph parameters without actually starting a paragraph. .ifnot small This is often used to set the parameters before starting to process the text. The parameters specefied in this command also have an effect on the following commands: .keep tabs .nj.DHY .ts +5,+15,+15,+15,+15,+15 _.PARAGRAPH _.LIST#ELEMENT _.NOTE _.PRINT#INDEX _.DO#INDEX .j.EHY .s.i5;DEFAULT: _.SET#PARAGRAPH#$DEFPARIND$,$DEFPARSP$,2,2 .endif small .helpc RIGHT .q _.RIGHT [-n] .qq _.R [-n] .p.x RIGHT breaks the line and places the following text flush with the right margin if n is zero or unspecified. If n is specified the text is placed n spaces to the left of the margin (n positive) or n to the right (n negative). .ifnot small If _.RIGHT is issued after _.CENTER or _.CENTER TEXT, but before _.END CENTER, the command will be rejected with a Conflicting command message. Tab stops are converted to single spaces for right justified lines. .endif small .q_.RIGHT TEXT [-n] .qq_.R TEXT [-n] .qn_.END RIGHT .qn_.ER .x END>RIGHT .p.x RIGHT>TEXT This command begins a section of text all of which is right justified. After this command each input line causes a break, until _.END RIGHT. .helpc SKIP .q _.SKIP [-n] .qq _.S [-n] .x SKIP .paragraph Skips n spaced lines. The number of blank lines produced is n times the spacing. If you are currently at the top of a page _.SKIP does nothing. .ifnot small If n is larger than the number of lines left on the page a new page is started, but no lines are skipped on it. The maximum value of n is 127 for normal spacing and 255 for half spacing. If n is negative RUNOFF will skip n lines from the bottom of the page. Negative skips will work if you are already at the top of a page. Skip can not be used to leave room for artwork or figures. To do this you must use _.FIGURE or _.TEXT. Negative skips or skips greater than 6 are not allowed during footnotes or text sections. If n is not specified it is assumed to be 1. _.SKIP 6 will leave 1 inch of space if the spacing is 1. If the spacing is 2 or 3 then 2 or 3 inches will be left. .endif small .i5;DEFAULT: _.SKIP 1 .ifnot hlp .lm .rm .HL 1 FOOTNOTE / NOTE .endif hlp .helpc FOOTNOTE .q _.FOOTNOTE .qq _.FN .p.x FOOTNOTE saves lines for a footnote. When the bottom of the page is reached the text following the _.FOOTNOTE command will be printed. If insufficient room remains on the current page, the footnote continues at the bottom of the following page. .ifnot small The text of the footnote should begin on the line following the _.FOOTNOTE command and ends with _.END FOOTNOTE. Indentation, case lock, justify, margins, spacing, bar, and fill are preserved around footnotes. In addition all status is preserved. See _.SAVE STATUS. However, commands that affect page formatting are illegal in a footnote. A footnote within a footnote is also illegal. If the footnote overflows from the current page onto the next page, it is possible that the line referring to the footnote will also be printed on the next page. To prevent this either preface the _.FOOTNOTE command by a command that causes a break, or place enough text between the reference and the command to guarantee a full line of text. Normally this command does not draw a line between the body of the text and the footnotes. If you want it to automatically draw a line you must use _.PERMANENT FOOTNOTE. .if hlp .if rsx.i5;ADDITIONAL HELP AVAILABLE: END PERMANENT .endif rsx .endif hlp .helpd END .endif small .q _.END FOOTNOTE .qq _.EFN .p.x END>FOOTNOTE causes a break and ends the footnote. .ifnot small The previous version of RUNOFF used an exclamation point "!" to do this. The exclamation point is not supported in this version. Each _.FOOTNOTE or _.PERMANENT FOOTNOTE command must be followed by an _.END FOOTNOTE command. Other version of RNO also required a parameter after the _.FOOTNOTE command. .helpd PERMANENT .endif small .q _.PERMANENT FOOTNOTE .qq _.PFN .p.x PERMANENT FOOTNOTE .ifnot small This command may only be issued before other footnote commands. If this command is issued and a footnote command has already been given for the current page, the command will be flagged as an error. .endif small The text following this command is taken a permanent footnote which is then printed between the body of text on a page, and the footnotes at the bottom. This also sets up permanent margins, spacing, and fill/justify mode for footnotes. .ifnot small The left and right margins, and the spacing may be set during the permanent footnote, and they will be restored for every subsequent _.FOOTNOTE command. For example you may wish to separate the footnote from the text by a blank line, and a divider. You also wish to indent both margins by 2 on footnotes with no justification. To do this you might use the following sequence of instructions. .i5;(NOT available in DSR) .s.i+5; _.PERMANENT FOOTNOTE .i5;_.LEFT MARGIN +2 .RIGHT MARGIN -2 .NO JUSTIFY .i5; _.SKIP 2;------- footnote ------- .i5; _.END FOOTNOTE .s The permanent footnote will not be printed at the bottom of the page if no regular footnotes are declared. If the permanent footnote is longer than 6 lines it is rejected with an error message. .endif small .s .helpc NOTE .q _.NOTE [;][title] .qq _.NT [;][title] .p.x NOTE This command is used to format notes. A note is text set off from the rest of the text by reduced margins and a centered title. .ifnot small The text of the note is follows the _.NOTE command, and is ended by a _.END NOTE command. First this command command SKIPs 2, reduces both margins, centers the title text (if no text is given, it centers the word "NOTE"), and then SKIPS 1 and issues a _.TEST#TEXT#t,b where t,b are determined by the last _.PARAGRAPH or _.SET PARAGRAPH command. The text of the note is then printed. The same indentation is applied to both the left and right margins. The indentation is either 20,15,10, or 5 whichever produces no more than a 25% reduction in the text line. If the indentation produces a text line less than the minimum, no indentation is used, and an error message is typed. .i5;Unlike DSR notes may not be imbedded inside other notes. .endif small .q _.END NOTE [n] .qq _.EN [n] .p.x END>NOTE terminates the NOTE command, SKIPs n, and resets the margins and spacing modes to their settings before the last NOTE command. .i5;DEFAULT: _.END NOTE 2