Emergency and Multimedia Priority Services
Ericsson Service-Aware Policy Controller

Contents

1Emergency and Multimedia Priority Services Introduction

2

Emergency Services Function
2.1Emergency Services Overview
2.2Emergency Subscriber Profile
2.3Emergency Bearer Service
2.4IMS Emergency Calls

3

Multimedia Priority Services Function
3.1Multimedia Priority Services Overview
3.2Subscription-based Multimedia Priority Services
3.2.1MPS Subscription Data
3.2.2EPS Bearer Priority Service
3.2.3IMS Signalling Priority Service
3.3IMS Multimedia Priority Service

4

Overload Protection for Emergency and Multimedia Priority Services

5

Emergency and Multimedia Priority Services Network Deployments
5.1Emergency Services
5.2Multimedia Priority Services

6

Emergency Services Traffic Cases
6.1Protocol Binding for Rel9 Rx Onwards and standard Rel9 Gx Onwards

7

Multimedia Priority Services Traffic Cases
7.1Subscription-based Multimedia Priority Services (Protocol Binding for Standard Rel9 Gx Onwards)
7.1.1IP-CAN Session Lifetime for Service Users
7.1.2Update MPS Subscription Data
7.2IMS Multimedia Priority Services (Protocol Binding for Rel10 Rx Onwards)
7.2.1Priority AF Session Establishment or Modification
7.2.2Priority AF Session Termination
7.3AF Session Establishment or Modification for Service Users

8

Emergency and Multimedia Priority Services Error Handling

9

Emergency Services Restrictions

Reference List

1   Emergency and Multimedia Priority ServicesIntroduction

This document describes the Emergency Services function and Multimedia Priority Services (MPS) function provided by the SAPC.

Emergency services function includes support for emergency IP-CAN sessions and IMS emergency calls.

Multimedia priority services function includes support for subscription-based priority services and on-demand IMS priority services.

2   Emergency Services Function

2.1   Emergency Services Overview

The SAPC supports IMS emergency services according to the principles and requirements of 3GPP TS 23.167.

The functionality involves support of two inter-related aspects:

The following picture shows a high-level flow for the establishment of an IMS emergency call over LTE/EPC access.

Figure 1   Overview of IMS Emergency Call

2.2   Emergency Subscriber Profile

To support emergency services, the SAPC makes use of a special Emergency Subscriber Profile configured with all operator policies required to make authorization and policy decisions for IP-CAN sessions restricted to emergency services. This allows the SAPC to provide IMS emergency services to roaming and non-roaming subscribers regardless of being provisioned in the SAPC subscriber database, even when the Subscription-Id AVP is not received during IP-CAN session establishment.

The Emergency Subscriber Profile can be provisioned as any other subscriber. However, there is data not applicable to emergency services. Policy controls applicable for emergency session shall be IP-CAN Session Access Control, Service Access Control, Charging Control and Bearer QoS Control and BW Management.

Autoprovisioning and unknown subscriber functionality does not apply to emergency services. If the Emergency Subscriber Profile is not provisioned in the SAPC and a request for emergency IP-CAN session is received, the request is handled using an empty default Emergency Subscriber Profile.

2.3   Emergency Bearer Service

Emergency bearer services are network services provided through an emergency APN to support IMS emergency calls. Emergency bearer services do not require a subscription, and restrict data traffic to emergency destinations and IMS signalling.

The SAPC allows the configuration of a list of emergency APNs and determines, based on the information received on the Called-Station-ID AVP, if the IP-CAN session establishment request refers to an emergency service. Then the SAPC makes use of the information stored in the Emergency Subscriber Profile to evaluate the operator configured policies and obtain the data to be sent towards PCEF.

Note:  
The most relevant policy controls for emergency services are: IP-CAN Session Access Control, Service Access Control, and QoS Control for the Default Bearer.

For emergency services, the UE terminal may not have sufficient credentials to be authenticated in the network and provide only an equipment identifier. The SAPC offers the possibility to accept requests to establish emergency bearer services where the PCEF does not include the Subscription-Id AVP in the CCR Initial message, but includes the IMEI within the User-Equipment-Info AVP. The functionality to accept unauthenticated emergency services with IMEI identifier can be enabled or disabled by configuration of the SAPC.

2.4   IMS Emergency Calls

IMS emergency calls are prioritized Multimedia Telephony (MMTel) calls that connect the UE to an emergency center/PSAP and binds to an emergency IP-CAN session. The P-CSCF indicates that the new AF session relates to emergency traffic by setting the Service-URN AVP to a top-level service type of "sos" (for example "sos.ambulance", "sos.police").

On reception of a request for AF session establishment, the SAPC reads the information received in the Service-URN AVP, performs session binding, service classification, authorization, and qualification.

When performing session binding, the SAPC needs to make sure that there is no misuse of emergency IP-CAN sessions, and that the emergency bearer service is not used to make normal IMS calls. Hence, if an AF session for a non-emergency call binds to an emergency IP-CAN session, the request is rejected by the SAPC.

The SAPC allows the operator to use the Service-URN information received from the AF in the dynamic service classification process. Example of typical service classification patterns for IMS emergency calls is the following:

Table 1    Example of Dynamic Service Classification Patterns for IMS Emergency Calls

Classification Patterns for IMS Emergency Calls

Application Identifier

Media Pattern

Service-Urn

Service-Id

urn%3Aurn-xxx%3A3gpp-service.ims.icsi.mmtel

type=audio

sos.police

EmergencyPolice

urn%3Aurn-xxx%3A3gpp-service.ims.icsi.mmtel

type=audio

sos.ambulance

EmergencyAmbulance

Emergency services can be prioritized, according to operator local policies and regulations, during the dynamic service qualification process by provisioning the ARP value in the QoS profile that applies to IMS emergency calls.

3   Multimedia Priority Services Function

3.1   Multimedia Priority Services Overview

The SAPC supports multimedia priority services (MPS) based on 3GPP TS 22.153.

The MPS functionality allows qualified and authorized users (Service Users) to obtain priority access over other users in congestion situations.

There are two different types of multimedia priority services depending on how the priority is granted to the subscriber:

3.2   Subscription-based Multimedia Priority Services

The subscription-based MPS functionality allows the operator to provision subscribers (government-authorized personnel, emergency officials, and so on) that have priority access to network resources over other users, in situations such as during congestion.

The SAPC uses the Bearer QoS Control and Service QoS Control functionality, together with subscription data, to allocate a QoS profile to the default bearer and authorized services (PCC rules).

The SAPC supports the following two subscription-based priority services:

3.2.1   MPS Subscription Data

To support subscription-based MPS, the SAPC stores MPS subscription data in MPS profiles and allocates them to authorized subscribers by means of static qualification data.

The subscription data include the following information:

Subscribers that do not have an MPS profile allocated are not entitled to priority treatment.

3.2.2   EPS Bearer Priority Service

For EPS bearer priority service, the SAPC sets the ARP and QCI parameters so that all data traffic for a given subscriber is prioritized.

The SAPC evaluates the operator policies for Bearer QoS Control and Service QoS Control, and takes into account MPS subscription information to derive the authorized QoS for the default bearer and to derive the authorized QoS per PCC rule.

The following picture shows a flow on how to activate the EPS bearer priority service over LTE/EPC access.

Figure 2   Overview of EPS Bearer Priority Service

3.2.3   IMS Signalling Priority Service

For IMS signalling priority service, the SAPC sets the ARP and QCI parameters so that only the IMS signalling bearer is prioritized for a given MPS subscriber.

The SAPC allows configuration of a list of APNs enabled for IMS and determines, based on the information received in the Called Station ID, if the IP-CAN session establishment request relates to IMS. Then the SAPC evaluates the configured operator policies for Bearer QoS Control and takes into account MPS subscription information to derive the authorized QoS for the default bearer and for the dedicated IMS signalling bearer (if applicable).

Note:  
The IMS signalling bearer may be carried over the default bearer or a dedicated bearer. Ericsson recommends configuring the IMS signalling bearer to be carried over the default bearer with a QCI value of 5.

The following picture shows a flow on how to activate the IMS signalling priority service over LTE/EPC access.

Figure 3   Overview of IMS Signalling Priority Service

3.3   IMS Multimedia Priority Service

The SAPC supports on-demand prioritization of dynamic services initiated from the AF (P-CSCF) over the Rx interface.

The following picture shows a flow on how to activate the IMS multimedia priority service through the IMS.

Figure 4   Overview of IMS Multimedia Priority Service

The SAPC allows the operator to use the MPS Identifier and Reservation Priority information received from the AF in the rules and policies. Using the policies, the SAPC classifies the dynamic services and assign a QoS profile to a particular service in the dynamic service qualification process. Example of typical service classification and qualification patterns for government-oriented priority services is the following:

Table 2    Example of Dynamic Service Classification and Qualification Patterns for Multimedia Priority Services

Dynamic Service Classification and Qualification Patterns for Multimedia Priority Services

Application Identifier

Media Pattern

MPS Identifier

Reservation Priority

Description

urn%3Aurn-xxx%3A3gpp-service.ims.icsi.mmtel

type=audio

NGN-PS Voice

15

MMTel voice service with highest priority that may be granted to Executive Leaders

urn%3Aurn-xxx%3A3gpp-service.ims.icsi.mmtel

type=video

NGN-PS Video

13

MMTel video service with high priority that may be granted to Public Health officials

any

type=data

NGN-PS GBR Data

11

GBR data service with priority that may be granted to Disaster Recovery personnel

In addition, the SAPC evaluates the configured policies for Bearer QoS Control to derive the authorized QoS for the default bearer. The MPS Identifier and Reservation Priority information can also be used in the rules and policies for Bearer QoS Control.

4   Overload Protection for Emergency and Multimedia Priority Services

In overload situation, the SAPC prioritizes MPS events over events handled with lower priority which are rejected or discarded.

The SAPC allows configuration of a list of APNs corresponding to the MPS types provisioned for the subscriber. In overload situation, the SAPC prioritizes the Gx session establishment and modification based on the received APNs and MPS information.

For more information, see Overload Control.

5   Emergency and Multimedia Priority Services Network Deployments

5.1   Emergency Services

The SAPC can provide emergency services in the following network elements:

5.2   Multimedia Priority Services

The SAPC can provide multimedia priority services with the following network elements:

6   Emergency Services Traffic Cases

This chapter explains the interfaces and the traffic interactions between the network nodes involved in Emergency Services. For detailed description of each of the interfaces supported, the corresponding interface description should be consulted.

The precondition to all traffic cases is that a diameter connection is already established between the SAPC and the PCEF and between the SAPC and the AF. In addition, all the required policy controls are enabled for the PCEF, and support for dynamic PCC rules is enabled for the GGSN/PDN GW:

Note:  
Emergency establishments shall never be rejected because of license capacity exceeded. Nevertheless, emergency sessions are taken into account for the overall IP-CAN and AF session capacity count.

6.1   Protocol Binding for Rel9 Rx Onwards and standard Rel9 Gx Onwards

Figure 5   IMS Emergency Call Establishment

IP-CAN session establishment

AF session establishment

AF session termination

IP-CAN session termination

7   Multimedia Priority Services Traffic Cases

7.1   Subscription-based Multimedia Priority Services (Protocol Binding for Standard Rel9 Gx Onwards)

7.1.1   IP-CAN Session Lifetime for Service Users

This traffic flow is the same to the IP-CAN Session Lifetime in Access and Charging Control (Gx).

The difference relies in that the subscriber data contains an MPS profile. The SAPC takes into account the MPS subscription information in the evaluation of the policies that derives the authorized QoS for the default bearer and the authorized QoS per PCC rule (if applicable).

7.1.2   Update MPS Subscription Data

This traffic case describes subscriber reauthorization owing to a change in the subscription information for multimedia priority services. The traffic flow is the same to the Update Subscriber Profile in Subscription and Policy Management, with the following particular conditions.

Update of MPS subscription data effectively triggers the invocation, revocation, or modification of multimedia priority services.

Invocation of EPS Bearer Priority Service

When the EPS Bearer Priority Service is activated owing to a change in the subscriber profile, the SAPC:

Revocation of EPS Bearer Priority Service

When the EPS Bearer Priority Service is deactivated owing to a change in the subscriber profile, the SAPC:

Invocation of IMS Signalling Priority Service

When the IMS Signalling Priority Service is activated owing to a change in the subscriber profile, the SAPC:

Revocation of IMS Signalling Priority Service

When the IMS Signalling Priority Service is deactivated owing to a change in the subscriber profile, the SAPC:

7.2   IMS Multimedia Priority Services (Protocol Binding for Rel10 Rx Onwards)

7.2.1   Priority AF Session Establishment or Modification

This traffic case shows how the SAPC handles multimedia priority services according to the AF's request in AF session establishment or modification.

Figure 6   Priority AF Session Establishment or Modification

7.2.2   Priority AF Session Termination

Figure 7   Priority AF Session Termination

7.3   AF Session Establishment or Modification for Service Users

This traffic case describes non-priority AF session establishment or modification for a subscriber that has provisioned an MPS profile.

Figure 8   AF Session Establishment or Modification for MPS Subscriber

8   Emergency and Multimedia Priority Services Error Handling

Table 3    Error Handling

Error Condition

Action

Code

The SAPC receives an AAR to request an emergency or multimedia priority service and the corresponding functionality license is not active.

The SAPC returns an AAA indicating an error

Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_COMPLY (5012)

 

The SAPC receives a CCR for an emergency IP-CAN session establishment where Subscription-Id AVP and User-Equipment-Info AVP are missing.

The SAPC returns a CCA indicating an error

Experimental-Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_ERROR_INITIAL_PARAMETERS (5140)

The SAPC receives a CCR for an emergency IP-CAN session establishment where Subscription-Id AVP is missing and unauthenticated emergency services are not allowed.

The SAPC returns a CCA indicating an error

Experimental-Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_ERROR_INITIAL_PARAMETERS (5140)

The SAPC receives an AF session that binds to an emergency IP-CAN session and the Service-URN AVP is missing or does not contain a top-level service type of "sos".

The SAPC returns an AAA indicating an error

Experimental-Result-Code AVP set to UNAUTHORIZED_NON_EMERGENCY_SESSION (5066)

The SAPC rejects an emergency or MPS session establishment or modification due to overload protection.

The SAPC returns a CCA/AAA indicating an error.

Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_TOO_BUSY (3004)

9   Emergency Services Restrictions

The following list shows the functions that are applicable to Emergency subscriber profile:

Subscriber groups are not applicable to Emergency subscriber profile.

When a subscriber profile is removed, but there is an associated emergency IP-CAN session, the SAPC does not request to the PCEF the IP-CAN session termination (see Subscription and Policy Management). The IP-CAN session remains alive until the PCEF initiates an IP-CAN session termination request.

The following Dynamic Policy Control functions (see Dynamic Policy Control (Rx)) do not apply for IMS emergency calls:


Reference List

Standards
[1] IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) emergency sessions - 3GPP TS 23.167
[2] Multimedia priority service - 3GPP TS 22.153