Personal Health and Safety Information
Ericsson System Products
 






Contents

1Introduction



1.1Target Group



1.2Educational Requirements




2
Hazard Symbols and Admonitions



2.1Personal Health and Safety Admonitions



2.2Special Hazard Symbols




3
General Safety Precautions




4
Electric Shock Hazards



4.1Safety Precautions for Working with Electrical Equipment




5
Energy Hazards



5.1Batteries



5.2Capacitors and Uninterruptible Power Systems



5.3Safety Precautions for Avoiding Energy Hazards




6
Fire Hazard



6.1Fire Precautions




7
Heat Hazards




8
Mechanical Hazards




9
Radio Frequency Exposure Hazards



9.1General RF Safety Information



9.2RF Safety for Installation and Maintenance Personnel




10
Laser Hazards



10.1Class 1 Laser



10.2Class 3 Laser




11
Chemical Hazards



11.1Beryllium Oxide Hazard



11.2Battery Acid Hazard



11.3Gas Explosion Hazard




12
Other Hazards



12.1Handling Heavy Goods



12.2Working at Height








Copyright


© Ericsson 2003 – All Rights Reserved




Disclaimer


No part of this document may be reproduced in any form without
the written permission of the copyright owner.



The contents of this document are subject to revision without
notice due to continued progress in methodology, design and manufacturing.
Ericsson shall have no liability for any error or damage of any kind resulting
from the use of this document. 


Abstract

This document presents the personal health and safety information
that applies when working with Ericsson system products.









1   Introduction



This document presents the personal health and safety information that
applies when working with Ericsson system products. The instructions included
are mandatory to ensure personal safety while working with Ericsson system
products.


Note:  
Reduce the risk of accidents by studying all the information carefully
before starting work. If questions arise regarding health and safety information,
contact the supervisor or the local Ericsson company for clarification.


For information on product safety for Ericsson system products, see:








 





System Safety Information, Ericsson
System Products




124 46–2886


Local Regulations

Local regulations, first and foremost national regulations, override the
information in this document. Where applicable local regulations are not available,
the information herein prevails.


Product Exclusion Indication

The information in this document covers personal health and safety aspects
of all Ericsson system products. As all the information does not apply to
a specific product, the readers must familiarize themselves with the potential
hazards indicated on the product they are working with to understand which
document parts apply to their product.



1.1   Target Group



The target group for this health and safety information is personnel who
work with Ericsson products. All personnel who work with engineering, installation,
test, and operation and maintenance of Ericsson products must familiarize
themselves with this information.



1.2   Educational Requirements



The safety instructions in the relevant manuals or documents require that
persons performing work on Ericsson products have the necessary education,
training and competence required to perform work correctly. For certain work,
additional or special training may be required, for example authorization
for Authorized Service Providers (ASP). ASP is an Ericsson certification procedure.




A good understanding of technical English is required, or of the language
that the information is presented in, to ensure that these and other instructions
can be understood and complied with.



2   Hazard Symbols and Admonitions



This section presents the types of admonitions and hazard symbols used
in all Ericsson documentation. There are three levels of personal health and
safety admonitions that indicate risk to persons: danger, warning and caution.
Hazard symbols are used to indicate these and to present various other hazards.




The admonition levels for personal health and safety are presented in order
of severity, with danger being the highest level, warning the intermediary
and caution the lowest. When admonitions are encountered anywhere in a document,
the information included should be read and any instructions should be followed.




2.1   Personal Health and Safety Admonitions



Personal health and safety admonitions are used to indicate hazardous activities
and are normally preceded by the common hazard symbol shown in the figure
below, or in specific cases by specialized symbols, see Section  2.2 Special Hazard Symbols.




Figure 1   Safety Hazard Symbol

The hazard symbol is common for all three admonition levels. The three
admonition levels are defined below:



Danger!  Indicates that there is an imminent hazard that
is likely to result in death or serious injury.
Note:  
Danger can be accompanied by other symbols depending on the country
of operation.

Warning!  Indicates that there is a potential hazard that
could result in death or injury.
Caution!  Indicates a hazard that could result in minor
or moderate injury.


2.2   Special Hazard Symbols



This section presents special hazard symbols used to indicate the risk
of chemical, electric shock, fire, heat, laser and Radio Frequency (RF) exposure
hazards:




Figure 2   Chemical Hazard Symbol


Figure 3   Electrical Hazard Symbol


Figure 4   Fire Hazard Symbol


Figure 5   Heat Hazard Symbol


Figure 6   Laser Hazard Symbol


Figure 7   RF Exposure Hazard Symbol


3   General Safety Precautions



This section presents general safety precautions to ensure that persons
are not injured when working with equipment.




4   Electric Shock Hazards



This section provides information and instructions relating to equipment
operating on voltage that entails an electric shock hazard.


Note:  
This information only applies to products marked with the electric
shock hazard symbol.


The term Electric Shock Hazard is defined below:



 Electric Shock Hazard Hazard at voltage equal to or above
42.4 V peak or 60 V DC.

Danger! 

Electric shock risk. Avoid both direct and indirect contact with parts
connected to mains power as this is likely to be fatal. Switch off the mains
power before starting work.


Danger! 

Improper electrical installation may cause fire or electric shock that
is likely to be fatal. Only a qualified and authorized electrician is permitted
to install or modify electrical installations.

Note:  
Only qualified electricians are allowed to work directly with equipment
that presents an electric shock hazard.

Note:  
AC mains installation must be carried out according to local regulations.




4.1   Safety Precautions for Working with Electrical Equipment



The following precautions must be observed when working with electrical
equipment:




5   Energy Hazards



This section provides information on how to avoid energy hazards.



The term energy hazard is defined below:



Energy Hazard Hazard at a stored energy level of 20 J
or an available continuous power level of 240 VA.


5.1   Batteries



This section provides instructions and information on the proper handling
of batteries.


Note:  
Where Ericsson is not the supplier of battery equipment, see the
manufacturer's information on battery safety.


Caution! 

Improper handling of batteries can result in the batteries short-circuiting,
which can result in serious injury due to high energy levels. Exercise the
necessary care when working with batteries.

Lithium Batteries

Warning! 

Switching poles when replacing lithium batteries can result in an explosion
that can lead to injury. Always ensure that lithium batteries are connected
to the right poles.



5.2   Capacitors and Uninterruptible Power Systems



This section provides information on how to avoid energy hazards in Capacitors
and Uninterruptible Power Systems (UPS).



Warning! 

High energy levels are present in this unit. Improper handling of the unit
can lead to short circuiting that can result in serious injury. Exercise care
when working with this unit.

Note:  
Some capacitors and UPSs have energy levels above 240 VA. If this
is the case this is indicated on the product with a voltage hazard.



5.3   Safety Precautions for Avoiding Energy Hazards



The following precautions must be observed when working with batteries
and other units that present an energy hazard:




6   Fire Hazard



This section provides instructions and information on safety precautions
for preventing fire.



Warning! 

In the event of a fire, evacuate the building or equipment site and raise
the fire alarm at the closest alarm point, or call the emergency number. Do
not re-enter a burning building under any circumstances.


Warning! 

Heater in operation. Do not block the heater vents or place combustible
materials close to the unit, as this can cause a fire that can endanger life.




6.1   Fire Precautions


Note:  
When working with the installation or maintenance of equipment that
involves interfering with the fire sectioning of a building, this should be
carried out as quickly as possible. 


Fire can spread to neighboring rooms. When working on equipment cable ducts,
channels and access holes might have to be opened, thereby interfering with
the fire sectioning of the building. The instructions below have to be followed
when work has been completed to restore the building's fire sectioning:



  1. Close the cable ducts and fire doors (if applicable) as soon as
possible.
  2. Seal cable ducts according to the regulations for the building.

  3. Minimize the amount of inflammable material.
  4. Remove empty packaging material from the equipment site.
  5. Check that there is a functioning powder or carbon dioxide fire
extinguisher for electric apparatus at the equipment site.


7   Heat Hazards



This section describes how to avoid injury from hot surfaces or hot air
in equipment.



Caution! 

Parts inside this equipment attain high temperatures during normal operation,
which can cause burns to the skin if touched without heat protective clothing.
Always use heat protective clothing when working with equipment containing
hot surfaces, or switch the equipment off and allow it to cool before starting
work.


Caution! 

A heater, producing hot air, is in use in this equipment. Direct contact
with hot air can lead to burns. When the heater is in operation, avoid close
contact with the heater air evacuation vent.



8   Mechanical Hazards



This section provides information on mechanical hazards in equipment containing
sharp edges or rotating blades.



Caution! 

Sharp metal edges may exist that can cause cuts to the skin or clothing.
Wear protective gloves when handling this equipment. 


Caution! 

Rotating fan blades can cause injury to body parts that come into contact
with the blades. Blades in fan units continue to rotate for a period of time,
even after the fan has been switched off. Wait until fans have stopped rotating
completely before starting work on or near fans.



9   Radio Frequency Exposure Hazards



This section provides instructions and information on potential hazards
related to radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure from
fixed radio transmitters (as opposed to mobile phones).



9.1   General RF Safety Information



Caution! 

Excessive RF exposure can result in potentially adverse health effects.
If it is suspected that RF exposure limits may be exceeded, ensure that transmitting
antennas are switched off, or reduce output power whilst working with, or
near, antennas. 

Note:  
RF exposure limits are specified by national and international health
authorities in standards, regulations or guidelines. The limits include wide
safety margins to protect from potentially harmful tissue heating.



9.2   RF Safety for Installation and Maintenance Personnel



It is important that all personnel working with the installation and maintenance
of transmitting equipment and antennas have basic knowledge regarding RF safety.
They must have been informed or trained to be observant of potential risks
of RF exposure exceeding specified safety limits, and be aware of precautionary
measures necessary for differing situations.



Caution! 

Do not stand or work in front of an operational antenna, unless it has
been verified or documented that RF exposure levels are within specified safety
limits.


Caution! 

Always be aware of other RF transmission antennas located close to the
antenna you will be working with. If the RF exposure level is unknown, contact
the equipment operator or ensure that measurements are done to verify that
levels are below specified safety limits before starting work.


Caution! 

Broken or disconnected RF cables can lead to exposure levels reaching,
or exceeding, specified safety limits. Repair or reconnect cables before starting
work.

Note:  
Working outside of the main transmission direction of ordinarily
configured antennas is in most situations possible, since the RF exposure
does not normally reach specified safety limits in these directions.



10   Laser Hazards



This section provides information on working with products that have devices
that communicate through optical fibres using laser. 


Note:  
This information only applies to products marked with the laser hazard
symbol, stating the class of laser in use.



10.1   Class 1 Laser



This section provides information on working with equipment containing
Class 1 laser.



Products containing a Class 1 laser, according to IEC/EN 60825, are safe
to use and therefore have no requirements for cautions or warnings during
operation or maintenance procedures.



10.2   Class 3 Laser



This section provides information on working with equipment containing
Class 3 laser.



Danger! 

Never look directly into the end of a fiber optic cable, or other laser
source. Equipment that transmits laser light can cause permanent eye damage.
Switch off the laser before starting work on laser equipment.

Safety Precautions for Working with Class 3 Laser

The following precautions must be observed when working with products containing
a Class 3 laser hazard symbol:




11   Chemical Hazards



This section provides information on chemical hazards that can be present
in products.



11.1   Beryllium Oxide Hazard



This section provides information on Beryllium Oxide (BeO). BeO is a restricted
substance that is contained in certain components in some Ericsson products.
If a product contains BeO, this is clearly marked on the unit containing BeO.
The BeO hazard symbol is shown in the figure below.




Figure 8   BeO Hazard Symbol
Note:  
This information only applies to products marked with the BeO symbol.



Danger! 

This product contains Beryllium Oxide (BeO), which can cause injury to
skin or mucous membranes severe enough to endanger life or cause permanent
injury. BeO dust is created by chafing, filing, or breakage and is extremely
dangerous if inhaled, even for only a few seconds. Particles penetrating the
skin through wounds or abrasions are liable to cause chronic ulcerations.
Do not handle components containing BeO without protection.

Symptoms of BeO Poisoning

Symptoms of BeO poisoning are respiratory distress, cyanosis (grey-blue
discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes), or both. These symptoms may
develop within a week, or after a period of several years.


Safety Precautions for Working with Components Containing
BeO

The following precautions must be observed when working with components
containing BeO:




11.2   Battery Acid Hazard



This section provides information on chemical hazards related to lead-acid
batteries. 



Caution! 

Excessive heat can cause battery casing to soften and warp, potentially
allowing acid to escape. In contact with the skin, acid can cause injury,
and if breathed in, can affect the airways. Use protective equipment when
replacing batteries.


Caution! 

Batteries can leak electrolyte if improperly handled. Electrolyte in contact
with skin or eyes can cause injury. In the event of electrolyte injuries,
rinse the affected area with water and seek medical attention immediately.
Use protective equipment when replacing batteries.

Safety Precautions for Working with Lead-acid Batteries


The following precautions must be observed when working with lead-acid
batteries:




11.3   Gas Explosion Hazard



Open-cell lead acid batteries can give off gases that in the event of a
fire can cause an explosion that is likely to be fatal. All battery areas
must be adequately ventilated and protected from fire.



Danger! 

Do not use open-cell lead acid batteries. Open-cell lead acid batteries
give off hazardous gases that, if ignited, can cause an explosion that is
likely to be fatal. 



12   Other Hazards



This section includes safety instructions and rules for the following hazards:





12.1   Handling Heavy Goods



This section provides instructions and rules for handling heavy goods.



Note:  
Follow local regulations for safety clothing and safety equipment
for hoisting and moving goods.

Falling Objects

Warning! 

Risk for falling objects, work at height in progress. Falling objects can
cause serious injury or even be fatal. Always wear a helmet and avoid standing
in the danger area.

Overloading

Warning! 

Overloading, or other wrong use of lifting devices, can cause serious injury
to anyone hit by falling equipment. Do not create an angle exceeding 90°
between lifting straps as this increases the strain on them and can cause
them to snap. 


Caution! 

The equipment is heavy. Lifting the equipment without the aid of a lifting
device can cause injury.

Unsecured Equipment

Caution! 

Tip risk! Unsecured equipment can tip over if not secured properly, causing
injury to personnel. Secure products with a high center of gravity as soon
as possible to avoid accidents.



12.2   Working at Height



This section provides information about working at height.



For information on climbing instructions for working at height, see:














Safe Climbing




LZY 213 715/02


Safety Precautions for Working at Height

The following precautions must be observed when working at height: