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<h2>Nokia cross-connect nodes</h2>

<p>The Nokia BSS Abis transport is based on PDH or SDH technology.
The main aspect in implementing the BSS transport network is that the BSC
ET port allocation meets the desired BTS and that the BSC synchronisation
can be delivered through the network to the BTSs. The optimisation and management
of the transport network capacity is made by using cross-connection devices.
Nokia BTSs provide inbuilt cross-connection and grooming functionalities for
capacity optimisation and traffic (loop) protection. Nokia BSC supports the
Nokia Q1-managed DN2 and MetroHub, providing polling functionality also for
other network elements not polled by the BTS. The loop protection functionality
of MetroHub and DN2 matches with Nokia BTSs, which are usually used as loop
slaves. Other standard PDH cross-connection devices, such as Tellabs 8100
Managed Access System, can be used as transparent PDH layers. Transparent
layers refer to devices that provide the bit stream and synchronisation, but
which Nokia BSS does not specifically support.</p>


<p>Nokia MetroHub Transmission Node is a dynamic 2 Mbit/s
digital cross-connect, which is developed especially to support radio link
based BSS transport networks. Its main traffic protection feature is the loop
protection. MetroHub provides a flexible, expandable and cost-effective solution
for the purposes of the GSM/EDGE operator. The maximum cross-connection capacity
of MetroHub is 56x2 Mbit/s with switching granularity of 8 kbit/s. MetroHub
has integrated transmission interfaces for E1, T1 and Flexbus. Nokia Flexbus
is an optimised interface for the Nokia FlexiHopper and MetroHopper radio
link products. Every UltraSite GSM/EDGE contains a “virtual” MetroHub, which
can be used for decentralised traffic collection, media change and grooming.
This is helpful particularly when network configurations evolve towards WCDMA.</p>


<p>Nokia DN2 is a dynamic 2 Mbit/s digital cross-connect,
which also has add-drop, primary multiplexing, and various protection features.
DN2 provides a rack-based alternative for MetroHub. The maximum interface
capacity of DN2 is 40x2 Mbit/s circuits. When the capacity exceeds the limit,
multiple DN2s can be used. The switching granularity of Nokia DN2 is 8 kbit/s.</p>


<p>Nokia SXC T is a high capacity PDH cross-connect device
with up to 1904x2 Mbit/s capacity and 64 kbit/s switching granularity. SXC
T can be used as a replacement for a digital distribution frame, or for various
PDH traffic routing purposes.</p>
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