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<h1>Overview of Antenna Hopping for UltraSite EDGE BTS</h1>

<p>Antenna Hopping for UltraSite EDGE BTS is application software
targeted at optimising network capacity and link performance.</p>


<p>Antenna Hopping is an enhancement to radio frequency (RF)
hopping. Antenna Hopping uses the existing baseband (BB) hopping functionality
in the BTS.</p>


<p>Antenna Hopping enables, with an appropriate antenna cabling,
the TRXs in an RF-hopping BTS to transmit with and receive from all the TX
antennas in the BTS. In contrast to BB hopping, Antenna Hopping can be used
with or without RF hopping, and the BCCH TRX can be included in the Antenna
Hopping group.</p>


<p>The Antenna Hopping algorithm defines the routing from TRX to TRX within
the hopping group and the frequency each TRX is tuned to at any point in time.
The algorithm has been optimised with the different frequency hopping parameters
and channel types (traffic/signalling) in mind. It should be noted that the
algorithm does not in any way account for the cabling from the TRXs to the
antenna(s).</p>


<p>If the number of RF hopping frequencies is low or the hopping frequencies
are correlated (for example, adjacent frequencies), Antenna Hopping can improve
the frequency hopping performance by adding spatial diversity to the frequency
diversity of the regular RF hopping configuration.</p>


<p>Spatial diversity is generated by the distance that separates two or
more antennas, and it is important that careful consideration is given to
the separation of the antenna in the Antenna Hopping configurations in order
to maximise the effects of the spatial.</p>


<p>It is also possible to use cross-polarised antennas.</p>


<p>Frequency Diversity (frequency hopping) and additional
spatial diversity (Antenna Hopping) enables the GSM channel coding and receiver
digital signal processing to work more effectively. This improves overall
network performance by reducing the number of transmission errors, particularly
in the downlink direction.</p>


<p>Antenna Hopping for UltraSite EDGE BTS can be used with
or without RF Hopping. The restrictions in the interaction of Antenna Hopping
with other software are listed in section <a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=dn03501781&amp;edition=3&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=sep2831535485#sep2831535485" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">Interworking with other features</a>.</p>


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<h2>Benefits
of Antenna Hopping for UltraSite EDGE BTS</h2>

<p>Antenna Hopping helps to avoid network-level interference
and link-level frequency selective fading.</p>


<p>With Antenna Hopping the user can achieve an average gain
of 2 dB on the link level. With low antenna correlation, Antenna Hopping can
gain 1.5 - 4 dB depending on the mobile speed (Typical Urban @ 3…50 km/h,
no FH) compared to single antenna.</p>


<p>With Antenna Hopping it is possible to gain better network
level spectral efficiency on the BCCH layer. In very narrow band environment
(3.6 MHz) better network capacity can be achieved by tightening the BCCH reuse
(for example, from 5/15 to 4/12) without an extra TRX as required by Intelligent
Downlink Diversity (IDD). By tighter BCCH re-use more frequencies can be used
in the hopping traffic layer, thus providing better capacity for narrow band
networks.</p>
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<h2>Related topics</h2>

<ul>
<li><p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=dn03515897&amp;edition=3&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=dec153940594#dec153940594" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">Overview of implementing
Antenna Hopping for UltraSite EDGE BTS</a></p>
</li>
<li><p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=dn03501781&amp;edition=3&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=oct63141484#oct63141484" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">System impact of Antenna
Hopping for UltraSite EDGE BTS</a></p>
</li>
<li><p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=dn03527628&amp;edition=3&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=dec15394289#dec15394289" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">Activating Antenna Hopping
for UltraSite EDGE BTS</a></p>
</li>
<li><p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=dn03527631&amp;edition=3&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=dec1539463913#dec1539463913" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">Testing Antenna Hopping
for UltraSite EDGE BTS</a></p>
</li>
<li><p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=dn03527643&amp;edition=3&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=dec1539485318#dec1539485318" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">Deactivating Antenna
Hopping for UltraSite EDGE</a></p>
</li>
<li><p>In BSC/TCSM Product Documentation set, see <em>Activating and
Testing BSS11134: Antenna Hopping for UltraSite BTS</em></p>
</li>
</ul>
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