<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>K</title>
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type" />
<meta content="text/css" http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" />
<script src="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=dn00188761&amp;edition=1&amp;language=none&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=javascript&amp;component=data&amp;item=data" type="text/javascript" xml:space="preserve">
</script>
<?conversion name="Pub2XHTML" version="2.0" source="urn:mars:general_glossary:13:en:global:publishing_online_1_0:data:data:*:*:*" date="2005-02-25T10:33:46Z"?>
<link href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=dn01158124&amp;edition=1&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=css&amp;component=data&amp;item=data" rel="stylesheet" title="Nokia Networks default online style" type="text/css" />
<meta content="approved" name="status" />
<?conversion name="SplitHTML" version="1.9" source="urn:mars:general_glossary:13:en:global:publishing_online_1_0:data:data:5:*:*" date="2005-02-25T10:33:46Z"?>
</head>
<body lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<p><a name="p2xhtm-repid-8862" shape="rect"></a>
<a name="ned_15" shape="rect"></a></p>

<div class="div">
<table width="100%">
<tr>
<td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="20%"><?NED5 annotation?>
<br clear="none" /><?NED5 printview?>
</td>
<td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="20%"><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=ned_14#ned_14" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">J</a></td>
<td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="20%"><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=ned_16#ned_16" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">L</a></td>
<td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="20%"></td>
<td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="20%"><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary_about&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=ned_top#ned_top" onclick="openSmallPopup(event,'NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary_about&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=ned_top#ned_top');return false" shape="rect" target="_blank"><img alt="Document information" border="0" class="Metainfo" src="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=dn01158003&amp;edition=1&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=gif&amp;component=data&amp;item=data" /></a></td>
</tr>
</table>


<div class="div">
<h2>K</h2>

<a name="id019414" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>K desktop environment; <em>KDE</em></h3>

<p>network-transparent contemporary desktop environment for UNIX workstations which can be viewed either as a user desktop or as a development platform for application programs</p>
</div>


<a name="id014307" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>K interface</h3>

<p>interface between the mobile services switching centre (MSC) and the shared interworking function (SIWF) server</p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8865" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>k-factor</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id06169#id06169" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See k-value</a></p>
</div>


<a name="id06170" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>k-fading; <em>diffraction fading</em>; <em>diffraction loss</em></h3>

<p>loss of the received signal energy due to variations in the radio refractivity of the atmosphere</p>
</div>


<a name="id06169" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>k-value; <em>k-factor</em></h3>

<p>ratio of the effective earth radius to the real earth radius when the propagation path is a straight line</p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8868" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>KA</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id017140#id017140" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See keep-alive message</a></p>
</div>


<a name="id018655" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>kana</h3>

<p>Japanese syllabic writing which consists of two written varieties, hiragana and katakana</p>
</div>


<a name="id018656" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>kanji</h3>

<p>Japanese writing system using characters mainly derived from Chinese ideograms, and the characters in this system</p>
</div>


<a name="id0343" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>Karlsson charging; <em>asynchronous charging</em></h3>

<p>method of time charging in which the sending of metering pulses is not synchronised with the beginning of the call</p>
</div>


<a name="id018657" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>katakana</h3>

<p>Japanese system of square-shaped syllabic writing which is based on Chinese ideograms and used mainly for writing recent words of foreign origin</p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8873" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>Kc</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id011282#id011282" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See ciphering key</a></p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8874" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>KDC</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id015568#id015568" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See key distribution centre</a></p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8875" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>KDE</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id019414#id019414" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See K desktop environment</a></p>
</div>


<a name="id019544" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>keep or delete policy; <em>KoD</em></h3>

<p>policy used for content adaptation, which determines whether a media component of a multimedia message is included in the adapted message without change, or whether, when the capabilities of the recipient are insufficient, is dropped from the adapted message</p>
</div>


<a name="id017140" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>keep-alive message; <em>keepalive message</em>; <em>KA</em></h3>

<p>message sent by a network device to inform another network device that the virtual circuit between them is still active</p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8878" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>keepalive message</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id017140#id017140" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See keep-alive message</a></p>
</div>


<a name="id015567" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>Kerberos</h3>

<p>security system that authenticates users by establishing at login an identity that is used throughout the session</p>
</div>


<a name="id014978" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>kernel</h3>

<p>lowest layer into which a large operating system is subdivided, each layer dealing with some aspect of the system hardware</p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8881" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>kernel</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id02657#id02657" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See operating system kernel</a></p>
</div>


<a name="id020828" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>kernel mode; <em>system mode</em>; <em>privileged mode</em></h3>

<p>processor mode that allows full and unprotected access to the system resources, including the memory address spaces of all user-mode processes and applications, and also to hardware</p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8883" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id0543#id0543" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See label</a></p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8884" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id06657#id06657" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See cryptographic key</a></p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8885" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key distribution center /US/</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id015568#id015568" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See key distribution centre</a></p>
</div>


<a name="id015568" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key distribution centre; <em>key distribution center /US/</em>; <em>KDC</em></h3>

<p>database that implements a key distribution protocol to provide keys to two or more entities that wish to communicate securely</p>
</div>


<a name="id014658" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key exchange; <em>RSA key exchange</em></h3>

<p>exchange of RSA keys based on the RSA encryption system</p>
</div>


<a name="id010541" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key management</h3>

<p>generation, storage, distribution, deletion, archiving and application of keys in accordance with a security policy</p>
</div>


<a name="id012778" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key pair</h3>

<p>pair of matching private and public keys</p>
</div>


<a name="id09985" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key performance indicator; <em>key performance indicators</em>; <em>KPI</em></h3>

<p>selected performance indicator that is a crucial performance metric</p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8891" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key performance indicators</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id09985#id09985" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See key performance indicator</a></p>
</div>


<a name="id017046" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key recovery</h3>

<p>special feature of a key management scheme that allows authorised users to recover a copy of a private or secret key when the original is damaged or otherwise unavailable</p>
</div>


<a name="id012606" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key set identifier; <em>KSI</em></h3>

<p>number, which is associated with the ciphering and integrity keys (CK and IK) derived during authentication, used to verify whether the user equipment (UE) and the serving network are to use the same ciphering key and integrity key</p>
</div>


<a name="id014829" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key status</h3>

<p>information element (IE) that indicates if the keys passed in the security mode control procedure are new, or if they have been used previously</p>
</div>


<a name="id019655" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key stream generator; <em>KSG</em></h3>

<p>cryptographic algorithm which produces a stream of binary digits which can be used for encipherment and decipherment</p>
</div>


<a name="id019656" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key stream segment; <em>KSS</em></h3>

<p>output of the key stream generator, consisting of 360 bits</p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8897" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key system</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id05166#id05166" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See key telephone system</a></p>
</div>


<a name="id05166" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>key telephone system; <em>key system</em>; <em>KTS</em></h3>

<p>telephone system in which each telephone can be used to select an outside line</p>
</div>


<a name="id09972" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>keyed-hashing for message authentication; <em>hashed message authentication code</em>; <em>HMAC</em></h3>

<p>message authentication mechanism that uses cryptographic hash functions</p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8900" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>keyguard</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id08155#id08155" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See keypad lock</a></p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8901" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>keylock</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id08155#id08155" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See keypad lock</a></p>
</div>


<a name="id08155" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>keypad lock; <em>keyguard</em></h3>

<p>feature the user can activate to prevent accidental operation of the powered on phone</p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8903" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>keyword</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id02225#id02225" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See password</a></p>
</div>


<a name="id04250" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>keyword</h3>

<p>wordlike reserved lexical unit in a concrete textual syntax</p>
</div>


<a name="id019757" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>keyword-based routing</h3>

<p>routing a message to certain address by using a keyword which is embedded in the message text</p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8906" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>KI</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id013446#id013446" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See operating system kernel interface</a></p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8907" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>Ki</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id04507#id04507" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See subscriber authentication key</a></p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8908" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>Ki</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id06668#id06668" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See encryption key</a></p>
</div>


<a name="id011807" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>Ki storage encryption key</h3>

<p>Ki storage key used for protecting the confidentiality of data items stored in the home location centre/authentication centre (HLR/AUC)</p>
</div>


<a name="id011808" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>Ki storage integrity key</h3>

<p>Ki storage key used for protecting the integrity of data items stored in the HLR/AUC (home location centre/authentication centre)</p>
</div>


<a name="id06940" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>Ki storage key</h3>

<p>in the authentication centre (AUC) encryption, a type of data protection key used for protecting subscriber data in the authentication database of an AUC</p>
</div>


<a name="id06939" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>Ki transport key</h3>

<p>in the authentication centre (AUC) encryption, a data protection key used for protecting subscriber data in the authentication database of an AUC</p>
</div>


<a name="id014432" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>killer application</h3>

<p>application or program so compelling to certain potential users that they buy the computer or device that the program runs on for no other reason than to be able to use that program</p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8914" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>KoD</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id019544#id019544" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See keep or delete policy</a></p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8915" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>KPI</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id09985#id09985" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See key performance indicator</a></p>
</div>


<a name="id018332" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>KPI browser</h3>

<p>browser that provides visualisation of performance indicators (PI) and predefined key performance indicators (KPI) over a web user interface in graphical and tabular form</p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8917" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>KSG</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id019655#id019655" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See key stream generator</a></p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8918" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>KSI</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id012606#id012606" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See key set identifier</a></p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8919" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>KSS</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id019656#id019656" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See key stream segment</a></p>
</div>


<a name="p2xhtm-repid-8920" shape="rect"></a>
<div class="topic">
<h3>KTS</h3>

<p><a href="NED?action=retrieve&amp;identifier=general_glossary&amp;edition=13&amp;language=en&amp;coverage=global&amp;encoding=xhtml_1_0&amp;component=data&amp;item=data&amp;pointer=id05166#id05166" onclick="sync(this);return true" shape="rect">See key telephone system</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>