1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:14,679 Hey guys and welcome back. 2 00:00:14,679 --> 00:00:21,080 So now what I want to do is I want to turn our attention to removable media file systems. 3 00:00:21,080 --> 00:00:25,519 Now with respect to removable media, one of the file systems I want to discuss with you 4 00:00:25,519 --> 00:00:30,280 is one called ISO 9660. 5 00:00:30,280 --> 00:00:31,920 So here is the deal. 6 00:00:31,920 --> 00:00:35,679 Back in the day we had these things called CD-ROMs. 7 00:00:35,679 --> 00:00:38,000 Now of course I'm being a little bit facetious. 8 00:00:38,000 --> 00:00:44,079 CD-ROMs are not quite as Jurassic and prehistoric as I'm making out here. 9 00:00:44,079 --> 00:00:50,000 But what was decided was that CD-ROMs could actually be expanded in their use case to 10 00:00:50,000 --> 00:00:56,079 not just be a storage medium for music but also a storage medium for your typical data 11 00:00:56,079 --> 00:00:59,960 that you would see on a Linux system or a Windows system. 12 00:00:59,960 --> 00:01:04,000 Now the big problem here was a lack of standardisation. 13 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:10,519 No real standard existed so every single vendor, whether that was Microsoft or whether that 14 00:01:10,519 --> 00:01:15,280 was Apple, they had their own method to store the data. 15 00:01:15,280 --> 00:01:21,400 That means that the idea of having portable data on your CD-ROM, well it really was not 16 00:01:21,400 --> 00:01:23,439 quite so portable in that. 17 00:01:23,439 --> 00:01:28,040 Due to the lack of standardisation there was a lot of restrictions on where you could 18 00:01:28,040 --> 00:01:29,879 transfer that data between. 19 00:01:29,879 --> 00:01:34,439 And eventually a standard was developed called HSF. 20 00:01:34,439 --> 00:01:41,480 But quickly after this was developed the International Standards Organisation, the ISO, they developed 21 00:01:41,480 --> 00:01:44,879 ISO 9660. 22 00:01:44,879 --> 00:01:53,239 Now with respect to ISO 9660, if you prefer, we have some extensions we have to be aware 23 00:01:53,239 --> 00:01:54,239 of. 24 00:01:54,239 --> 00:01:59,719 So let me tell you the three extensions that we have to know for the examination. 25 00:01:59,719 --> 00:02:01,799 The first one is called Joliet. 26 00:02:01,799 --> 00:02:08,960 Now what the Joliet extension did, it allowed greater flexibility in the naming of files. 27 00:02:08,960 --> 00:02:14,159 The next extension is called the Rock Ridge extension. 28 00:02:14,159 --> 00:02:19,360 Similar to Joliet, this would also provide greater flexibility with respect to our file 29 00:02:19,360 --> 00:02:20,360 names. 30 00:02:20,360 --> 00:02:24,600 And lastly we had the El Torito extension. 31 00:02:24,600 --> 00:02:31,280 And what this extension did was that it would allow CD-ROM to actually be used as a bootable 32 00:02:31,280 --> 00:02:32,360 device. 33 00:02:32,360 --> 00:02:36,680 So you know the way you can boot an operating system directly from a CD-ROM. 34 00:02:36,680 --> 00:02:39,480 This is the type of thing we are talking about right here. 35 00:02:39,480 --> 00:02:43,439 So now that we are aware of the different file systems that we can have with respect 36 00:02:43,439 --> 00:02:48,439 to our removable media, let me just briefly touch upon a command that we definitely want 37 00:02:48,439 --> 00:02:50,480 to know for the examination. 38 00:02:50,480 --> 00:02:55,480 This is the MAKE or the MK ISO FS command. 39 00:02:55,480 --> 00:03:03,120 So what this command allows us to do, it allows us to create an ISO 9660 file system and it 40 00:03:03,120 --> 00:03:07,280 will allow us to utilise those extensions we just talked about. 41 00:03:07,280 --> 00:03:11,039 So let's briefly explore this command then shall we? 42 00:03:11,039 --> 00:03:17,599 Let's say that I wanted to create an ISO image of some type of files I have on my system. 43 00:03:17,599 --> 00:03:20,879 So if I go into let's just say my downloads folder right here. 44 00:03:20,879 --> 00:03:26,759 I don't actually have anything but I'll just add in file1.txt and just say this is some 45 00:03:26,759 --> 00:03:28,120 random file. 46 00:03:28,120 --> 00:03:30,040 If I save this, go back out. 47 00:03:30,039 --> 00:03:35,959 Now obviously this is not a lot of information but let's just imagine we had way more information 48 00:03:35,959 --> 00:03:41,680 within this directory right here and I wanted to be able to save this information so that 49 00:03:41,680 --> 00:03:44,719 I could burn it to a CD-ROM disk. 50 00:03:44,719 --> 00:03:48,959 Let me show you how we could do this using the MKISOSF command. 51 00:03:48,959 --> 00:03:55,079 I can say MKISOSFS and I'll say dash 0 for the output IE. 52 00:03:55,079 --> 00:03:58,079 What is the name of the ISO file I want to create? 53 00:03:58,120 --> 00:04:04,720 I'll just say my downloads.iso again call this anything you wish and now I want to specify 54 00:04:04,720 --> 00:04:11,600 what it is I want to back up here so I'll just choose anything within my documents directory. 55 00:04:11,600 --> 00:04:18,560 Now before I do this I have additional options if I want to invoke the Joliet extensions I 56 00:04:18,560 --> 00:04:25,680 can do dash j whereas if I want to invoke Rock Ridge extensions I can do dash r and that's 57 00:04:25,680 --> 00:04:29,879 what I'll do right now so I'll just hit enter if I do an LS. 58 00:04:29,879 --> 00:04:36,360 Now we can see we have actually created this ISO file right here so now I have a file with 59 00:04:36,360 --> 00:04:42,280 Rock Ridge extensions that ultimately I could burn to a disk and use as removable media. 60 00:04:42,280 --> 00:04:49,920 Now with respect to the examination the tool we want to know is the make ISOFS command. 61 00:04:49,920 --> 00:04:55,160 So understanding that that can create an ISO image which we use for removable media on 62 00:04:55,160 --> 00:05:01,520 CD-ROMs and we do have the option for extensions which provide improvements and additional 63 00:05:01,520 --> 00:05:04,760 flexibility to the original ISO standard. 64 00:05:04,760 --> 00:05:09,400 Ok dogs so that is us for removable media I hope this has been informative for you and 65 00:05:09,400 --> 00:05:10,800 I'd like to thank you for viewing.